Saturday, October 5, 2019
Is this Ethical Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Is this Ethical - Coursework Example According to the code, employees working in an International Widget must always deliver their services to the benefit of the international widget. It is unacceptable for them to provide services to another company or similar service provider that is competing with the one they are working for. This is exactly what John has done and having read the code before he was employed, he remains answerable to the employer for breaking the terms of employment. On top of this, an employee of an International Widget must not engage into any type of a business pact or relationship that will not benefit the one they are working for. Since the aim of the job and its contractual agreement is based on the satisfaction of the customers who guarantees the job and hence the payment, any act that contravenes that can lead to losing the job or any other penalty that the employer sees best to be applied. Gloria being the director of the enterprise can decide to explore the code of conduct that an employee should show in a job scenario to take legal actions against John. When one becomes the employee of a given firm or company he or she must always show impartiality and integrity while performing his or her duties. Interacting with competitors while still being an employee of the International Widget leads to a legal fold up that can lead to paying of damages for the lost clients and the payment you have been getting while not performing your mandated roles as per the law and your contractual agreement. Any employee must perform his or her roles according or adhering to the set federal or local laws and due to this it is clear that John has broken them (Archibald, 2014). Any employee is allowed to offer or present a letter of resignation whenever he feels that he do not want to continue working at the current job. However, working with competitors while still in the job cannot be
Friday, October 4, 2019
Proposal assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1
Proposal assignment - Research Paper Example Normally, employees in Genovia Technology Solutions do not live near the company. This calls for travelling every morning to the workplace. As a result of the distance, they usually consume a lot of fuel and money in order to be able to commute daily. Also, there is reduced flexibility due to the hustles and bustles of going to work in the morning and coming back late, and this inconveniences those people who have families. They cannot have quality time with their families. Telecommuting entails working from a location that can be regarded as remote, mostly from home. It entails the work arrangement where employees work without having to commute to the central workplace. This technology requires installation of telecommunication devices like a fax machine, internet and telephone. Also, the web conferencing capabilities allow employees to participate in all the business meetings. This project will entail installation of the telecommuting equipment, modem, phone, pager, and fax machine by Genovia Company, and the telecommuter should provide an office space which is free of distraction (Grensing-Pophal 25). The workers will be more productive; working at home will have few distractions because the company needs only to set up the production goals and what the workers should achieve by the end of the day. The company will reach the team members irrespective of the physical location; it is easier to reach members through the internet using collaboration software and other remote control apps. The company will conserve the office space and save money; the remote workers will be using their own water, electricity and other bills that the company would have paid. Reduced time in IT management and the equipment costs; apart from installation of security to check on the devices logging in to the companyââ¬â¢s network, other expenses like the computer
Thursday, October 3, 2019
To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Example for Free
To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Good morning/afternoon Executives of the Board of Studies. In the topic of powerful to powerless, To Kill A Mockingbird is a classic novel that is relevant and appropriate. It possesses many admirable qualities that prove its worth to be on the new curriculum. The novel explores many ideas regarding the use and abuse of power, different forms of power, the consequences of power, and how the composer has used language to portray power. To Kill A Mockingbird explores a number of different types of power throughout. There are four types of power: personal, instrumental, projected and official power. One clear example of power is that of Atticus Finchs regarding his children. As their father, Atticus has official power over Scout and Jem. He also has instrumental power as he provides a home, as well as other basic necessities for his children. Another example of power, although it is negative, is the projected power that Bob Ewell possesses over Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson highlights his fear of Bob as he testifies Mr. Finch, if you was a nigger like me, youd be scared too. Bob Ewells power demonstrates that power can be taken and abused by others. Despite whether if you have an abundance of power of you are miserably lacking so, there will always be certain consequences that follow. Bob Ewell, as an example, believed that he was better than the African Americans despite the fact that he was considered the lowest class in white society. Bob Ewell abused his power, although it was still lacking. Ewell, was too prideful, that after being humiliated in court and stripped of dignity by Atticus, he decided to attack Atticus children. Furthermore, Arthur Boo Radley can depict a lack of power. Boo Radley had lived most of his life trapped inside his home by his oppressive family members. He was feared because of the negative connotations that surrounded him. The stories that were told of him portrayed his character as a monster, or something to fear. Furthermore, another figure in the novel that lacked power was Tom Robinson. In society, African Americans were looked down upon by the white society. Tom Robinson was racially discriminated against by Bob Ewell, who framed him for a crime he did not commit. As white people were the superior race, they had power over the African Americans. As Tom Robinson lacked power, he also lacked the ability to act against the threats of Bob Ewell because of his fear. Even though Tom Robinson was a man of great stature, and seemed adequate to engage in a physical brawl despite his injury, he was still afraid. Harper Lee employs a range of language techniques in order to convey ideas about power. Lee has described Arthur Boo Radley as having cheeks that were thin to hollowness, gray eyes that were colourless and hair that was dead and thin. It has been acknowledged that Boo is considered one of the novels most powerless figures. His name is an aptronym, it portrays his character and highlights his mysterious nature. It is also an example of onomatopoeia, hinting at negative connotations. Additionally, there are other aspects that can also assist the portrayal of his character. The author describes the Radley house as droopy and sick, this parallels to the descriptions made of Boo. Harper Lees many descriptions of Boo Radley creates a vivid picture in the readers mind, the reader is immediately drawn to the connotations that surround Boo. It is because of ideas explored previously that prove To Kill A Mockingbird to be a worthy contender on the new school curriculum. It explored the concept behind power and powerless and therefore is relevant.
LOreal SWOT Analysis Essay
LOreal SWOT Analysis Essay Prior to the establishment facial cosmetics, LOreal can be identified as a hair-colour formula which has been introduced by a French chemist known as Eugene Schueller in 1907. At this time it was called Aureole. Schueller brought and idea of manufacturing it on its his own products which were later taken to Parisian markets hairdressers to be sold. It was only in 1909 that Schueller registered his company as Societal Franà §oise de Teintures Inoffensive pour Cheveus,the future LOreal. Scheuller started to export his products, which was then limited to hair-colouring products. There were 3 chemists employed in 1920. In 1950, the research teams increased to 100 and reached 1,000 by 1984. Today, research teams are numbered to 2,000 and are still expected to increase in the near future. Through agents and consignments, Scheuller further distributed his products in the United States of America, South America, Russia and the Far East. The LOreal Group is present worldwide through its subs idiaries and agents. LOreal started to expand its products from hair-colour to other cleansing and beauty products. The LOreal Group today markets over 500 brands and more than 2,000 products in the various sectors of the beauty business. Such includes hair colours, permanents, styling aids, body and skincare, cleansers and fragrances. Indeed, the LOreal Group have reached the peak that all cosmetic brands sought after and also identified many factors that can contribute to the success of the Company. In the early 1980s LOreal achieved high level of global of distribution which was barely in the sights of its senior managers. Since LOreal was known to be Frances leading beauty company, it was international presence was so limited that many believed and had a conception of Parisian beauty as being expensive and high culture. The image of LOreal brands at the time e.g. Lancà ´me in cosmetics and LOreal professional in hair care limited the company ability to expand into international markets. When a person is infected the infection could be coming from inside the body or outside, similar to the organization where by some of the decision/changes being made are being influenced by factors outside the company and sometimes its hard to resist them. Non exceptional LOreal is one of the organizations being subjected to these factors. The factors can be put in one word SWOT (Strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats factors) (http://loreal.exteen.com) Internal Influences (S)trengths The on going success of the LOreal Group is without if not for the ingenuity of the concept of their vision as a team. LOreal Chairman and CEO Lindsay Owen-Jones consider passion as the key to the well-renowned accomplishment of the said Company. The primary strength of the Company is the continuing research and innovation in the interest of beauty which assures that the LOreal Cosmetics offers the best to their consumers. Their dedication to their continuous research makes them the leader in the growing cosmetics industry despite the competition in the market. On the other hand the LOreal group also had of Strength of developing activities in the field of cosmetics as well as in the dermatological and pharmaceutical fields in order to enhance and put more concentration in their particular activities. The cosmetics activities of LOreal are divided in to three groups. First is the Consumer Product Division which encompasses all the brands distributed through mass-market channels, ensuring that LOreal quality is available to the maximum number of the consumers. The Luxury Products Division includes the prestigious international brands selectively distributed through perfumeries, department stores and duty-free shops. The Professional Products Division offers specific hair care products for use by professional hairdressers and products sold exclusively through hair salons. The Active Cosmetics Department creates and markets products for selective distribution through pharmacies and specialist health and beauty outlets. The LOreal Groups dermat ological activities are linked with Galderma, which is basically a dermatological firm that contributes to the innovation of the LOreal Groups products. The pharmaceutical activities of LOreal are also handled by Sanofi-Aventis. These divisions and subdivisions ensure the quality that the LOreal Group offers to its customers. To further add to the enumerated strengths of the company, LOreals advertising strategy also plays a major part to its growth. Through adapting to the culture of their target market as the main tool of their advertisement, the Company brought LOreal products within reach of other women from different parts of the world. (http://loreal.exteen.com) (W)eaknesses Perhaps one of the weaknesses that a big company faces is the decentralized organizational structure. This is also part of the difficulties that LOreal is facing. Due to the many subdivisions of the Company, there is also the difficulty in the control of LOreal. This slows down the production of the Company because of the need of giving reference to the other Board members and directors of the Company. LOreal will also have a difficulty in finding out what division is accountable for the possible pitfalls of the Company. Another weakness that LOreal faces is their profit. The profit margin of LOreal is comparably low than that of the other smaller rivals. While LOreal projects certain rise in digits as their profit, the result does not usually meet the expectations (Sang, 2003). Perhaps, this is also due to the high-end advertising and marketing as well as the width of the Company. Also the coordination and the control of the activities and image in the worldwide market are also view ed as a weakness in the part of LOreal. Due to its worldwide marketing strategy, there are also dissimilarities brought about in the campaign of LOreal products as to what iMac. (http://loreal.exteen.com) External Influences (O)pportunities The LOreal Company concentrates on cosmetic products that enhance women of all ages. The growing demand for beauty products gives LOreal the opportunity to focus in their field of specialization, particularly on hair styling and colour, skincare, cosmetics and perfumeries. Being the leading cosmetic brand gives them the edge for their well-known image. Opportunity also emanates from their growing market that ranges from the affluent, the aging and also the masses of the developed countries. Another opportunity that LOreal must take advantage of is their greater market share because of the numerous patents registered by the Company. This enables them to have the top of the line products only to their name and therefore would lead costumers only to them for they could not find any of the said cosmetics in other brands. (http://loreal.exteen.com) (T)hreat A threat to the LOreal group is also the growing competition within the field of cosmetic brands. Due to the on going addition to the field of cosmetics, there is still the danger that other brands could surpass the profit of LOreal. Another threat to the Company is the economic downturn that is quite evident in other countries. Such could thus hurt the possibility of higher profit for the company. Most products of LOreal are within the reach of the citizens of developed countries, but LOreal may have problems reaching out even to the average people from the underdeveloped countries. Also a threat to the LOreal Group is the spending habits of consumer and the economic crunch that most countries are experiencing as of present. While the LOreal Group may be producing the best of its line, people may find that their products are not of their basic needs and would skip buying LOreal products. However, with the growth of the market, the damage could be far from taking place. Another signi ficant threat that LOreal faced was competing against leading U.S beauty makers. In the professional division, Clairol was the leading U.S hair colour brand, with 70% share of the U.S market. Although hair colouring was LOreals strength, it was the firms original and most profitable product line. Hair colour was the really the business they were fighting to get in, but Clairol seemed unbeatable. (http://loreal.exteen.com) Task 2 How globalisation influences policies and decisions making in LOreal When the Red ken managers initially launched new products independently of LOreals corporate headquarters in New York city, several of these post acquisition launches were unsuccessful. The Red ken brand management was later relocated to LOreal U.S corporate headquarters in New York City where it was rebranded Red ken 5th Avenue NYC. The Red ken acquisition triggered a reassement of LOreal entire hair care division where the senior managers realized that they needed a division focused entirely on sales to salons and hairdressers because the U.S professional market was unlike the professional market in Europe where a mid luxury hair care products were sold in department stores. By contrast, most of the mid to luxury hair care sales products in the U.S were sold in salons and other American speciality beauty supply stores. Since Salon sales had a larger profit margin than mass market hair care products, the sales eventually in professional division made up a third of all LOreal hair ca re sales. And the managers realized that Red ken had a global potential as an American brand of American origin. Since every country has its own way of lifestyle on how they perceive things, the LOreal management team has to consider some issues on their policies before making their decisions. Like in the case above , the Red ken is American brand that has it own way of selling in the market unlike in Europe , the LOreal managers therefore , has to do how the products is perceived in making American market compared to European . Its here that we find how the senior managers changed their policy and make a decision to suit how the product is liked in that particular market. Evaluating the effectiveness of LOreal response to globalisation. While LOreal was enjoying its 19th consecutive year of double digit growth in 2004, it had become an international beauty products that was focusing almost exclusively on the manufacturing , developing and sale nine of French , six American one Italian ( Giorgio Armani perfume) , one Chinese( Yue-sai acquired in 2004) and one Japanese brand ( Shu Uemera acquired in 2001) . Its organizational structure, marketing, strategy, and culture were all oriented to the fast growing global personal care market. According to Owen Jones , LOreal s U.S brands were a significant component of the whole orientation and they recognized that they wanted to be a truly global company that they would like to promote around the world American brands because it was the other great alternative in the beauty industry. However , the did something that was basically unthinkable for most multinational companies since they didnt just stopped having local brands rather they tried to put their brand everywhere as s ell United States to Americans , the United States to Chinese, Italian elegance to the Japanese , French beauty to Africans , and Japanese chic to Brazilians and many others. At the time when the Maybelline was acquiring the market, it had lost the focus as many of the analysts and watchers said. Two years before the acquisition, Maybelline branched out into the lucrative anti-aging cosmetics market with its Revitalizing brand. Revlon quickly responded with aggressive and well capitalized advertising campaign for its age -defying brand, overwhelming Maybellines poorly preforming revitalizing. It is here that the brand managers decided to drop for a brief time one of Maybellines most famous tagline when they realized the Maybelline is losing focus again. During the research, they found that the other competing brands had unique positions within the market place but consumers were unable to define what Maybelline was. It was sort of sleepy almost a stale brand because it seems most the consumers get confused about the brand and start putting it and mentioning in a different way. Maybelline to some individuals meant mothers pink nail polish, since the mangers got some comments about pink and green Great Lash mascara which they wanted to point out that they were proud of that day because its leading mascara in the world. The international potential of Maybelline was perhaps just as compelling as its domestic potential which has incredibly powerful value as its an American brand which corresponded to the idea that in America girls are so well made up, and therefore, the idea of perfection coming from America. This had a big appeal with young people all over the world. LOreal promoted close relationship between Research and development and international brand teams when the Garnier managers decided that the brand needed a fruit based shampoo for the European consumer market and they worked closely with LOreal European scientists , who realized that fructose , a type of sugar common in fruit , strengthens hair Japans fast growing wet lipstick market . Not only these but also the Maybelline global brand team built on water shines success in Japan creating water shine Diamonds a lipstick that contained small microscopic glass beads coated with silver and the international brand teams were responsible for not only developing new products but also ensuring the integrity of a given brands positioning . With international brand teams based in the brands home country, the teams global product plans were skewed toward the needs of the country. In the U.S market are sometimes easily influenced by the fact that the U.S market is so large that the managers hav e to put some extra cautious to ensure that global plans are compatible wit other markets a cross the world and not just U.S but also when creating the plans of the other regional offices execute and by sustaining a consistent brand positioning in a far-flung markets was at times a challenge that they had a U.S brand in Japan that allowed to get away from the global marketing plan where the advertisement and promotions were oriented more to Japanese market rather than the brands global message which involved democracy, independence and freedom . They had too much local adaptation and maintaining the brand message in every country. LOreals strategy focused on internal growth, disciplined global marketing continuous product innovation, creating a strong presence in every distribution channel of each product division all over the world and acquiring an important role in expanding LOreals product portfolio and generating revenue growth.
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
Essay --
The WW1 Conscription is one of the significant PR events that occurred in Australia in the 20th century. The Government in essence intended to adopt a conscription policy so as to enhance its fighting capacity. Nevertheless it could not impose this policy unless it received the support of the Nation and therefore it had to persuade its citizen to support it by voting in the referendum. It however faced a very strong opposition with both parties adopting various public relation strategies to influence the public perception towards conscription. The Government lost in both referendums implying that its PR campaigns were not as effective as those of the opposition. The opposition therefore can still rely on the PR strategy it had applied during WW1 conscription to block any attempts by the Government to reintroduce conscription. However, the new campaign should utilize modern media and PR strategies so as to persuade effectively the current sophisticated audience (Sheehan 2007). Conscription can simply be defined as mandatory military recruitment of people of a certain age group. A brief analysis of the public relation campaign adopted prior and during the WWW 1 will help clarify why conscription is considered to be a public relation event. Grunig and Hunt (1984) cited in Sheehan (2007) argues that the One-Way Communication model that adopted publicity and public information strategy, and the Two-Way Communication model, special emphasis being on Two-Way Asymmetric strategy, were the main model. Each one of these model had a main aim; the main aim of publicity was to spread propaganda; the aim of public information was information dissemination; and lastly the aim of two-way asymmetric strategy was to scientifically persuade the pub... ...owards ensuring the public supported this policy. This it did considering it faced a very strong opposition with the anti-conscription equally engaging in rigorous PR campaign aimed at blocking the government efforts toward introducing mandatory military recruitment. Some of the PR strategies and tactics engaged in by both parties included spreading propagandistic message, scientifically persuading the target audience by applying two-way asymmetric model, and occasionally engaging in information dissemination. The fact that the Government failed in both the referendum implies that the opposition strategy was effective. It should therefore adapt almost a similar approach to block any new effort by the Government to reintroduce conscription. However it should incorporate modern strategies and/or tactics so as to fully reach the now very sophisticated audience.
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
Ernesto Guevara de Serna Essay -- Ernest Che Guevara Biographies Essay
Ernesto Guevara de Serna Ernesto Guevara de Serna was born in Argentina in 1928 into a fairly privileged family. He developed serious asthma at the age of two, which would plague him throughout his life. He was home-schooled by his mother, Celia de la Serna. It was these early years when he became an eager reader of Marx, Engels, and Freud which all were all part of his father's library. He went to secondary school in 1941, the Colegio Nacional Dean Funes, Cordoba, where he excelled in literature and sports. At home he was impressed by the Spanish Civil War refugees and by the long series of political crises in Argentina. These culminated in the ââ¬ËLeft Fascistââ¬â¢ dictatorship of Juan Peron, to whom the Guevara de la Sernas were opposed. These events and influences implanted ideas of contempt for the charade of parliamentary democracy, a hatred of military politicians and the army, the capitalist oligarchy, and, above all, U.S. imperialism. Although his parents, most notably his mother, were anti-Peronist activists, he did not take participate in revolutionary student movements and showed little interest in politics at Buenos Aires University (1947) where he studied medicine. He focused on understanding his own disease, and later became more interested in leprosy. In 1949 he made the first of his long journeys, exploring northern Argentina on a bicycle. This was the first time Ernesto came into contact with the very poor and the remnants of the Indian tribes. It was during this leave of absence from schooling that Guevara, now nicknamed "Che" (Italian origin meaning chum or buddy), first experienced the depth of poverty and suffering of his fellows. In 1951, after taking his exams, he made a much longer journey. He visited southern Argentina, Chile, where he met Salvador Allende, and Peru, where he worked for several weeks in the San Pablo leprosarium. He then was in Colombia at the time of La Violencia, and Venezuela and Miami where he was arrested but soon released. He returned home for his finals sure of only one thing: he did not want to become a middle-class general practitioner. He passed, specializing in dermatology, and went to La Paz, Bolivia, during the National Revolution in which he condemned as an opportunist. From there he went to Guatemala, arriving during the socialist Arbenz presidency. It was in Guatemala that he began ... ...reabouts were a secret and his death was widely rumored. He was in various African countries, notably the Congo surveying the possibilities of turning the Kinshasa rebellion into a Communist revolution, by Cuban-style guerrilla tactics. He returned to Cuba to train volunteers for that project, and took a force of 120 Cubans to the Congo. His men fought well, but the Kinshasa rebels did not. They were useless against the Belgian mercenaries, and by autumn 1965 Che had to advise Castro to withdraw Cuban aid. Che's final revolutionary adventure was in Bolivia where he grossly misjudged the revolutionary potential of that country with disastrous consequences. The attempt ended in his being captured by a Bolivian army unit and shot a day later. Because of his wild, romantic appearance, his dashing style, and his unwillingness to bend to any kind of establishment, Che became a legend and an idol for the revolutionaryââ¬âand even the merely discontentedââ¬âyouth of the later 1960s and early 70's. He was a focus for the kind of desperate revolutionary action which seemed, to millions of young people, the only hope of destroying the world of middle class industrial capitalism and communism.
Honesty Versus Justice and Due Process Versus Crime Control
Honesty versus Justice and Due Process versus Crime Control Lisa Moore University of Phoenix Ethics in Justice and Security CJA 530 March 07, 2010 Roger Long JD Honesty versus Justice and Due Process versus Crime Control The criminal justice system is built on a foundation of honesty and justice. For justice to work, the justice system, and criminal justice professionals must be honest. The word honesty, describes an individual that doesn't lie, cheat, steal, or abuse to get ahead for personal or professional gain. The word justice describes the concepts of moral rightness based on ethics, rationality and fairness. How can there be justice if the guilty go free or if the innocent pay for crimes he or she never committed. ââ¬Å"In order for this to occur, our legal system must be one that demands absolutely honesty, such as when someone is called to testify he or she is asked, Do you swear to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth? If false accusations and false evidence are presented against the innocent, they will be punished as if they are guiltyâ⬠(RealPolice, 2000). The place of honesty in a system that promotes justice has sparked a controversial issue among the Criminal Justice world, that honesty could be put on the back-burner when pursuing justice. For example when officers present false evidence to prosecutor in order to have a case against the accused when they believe he or she will not be found guilty. A good example of deception by law enforcement occurred in 1993, when ââ¬Å"Craig D. Harvey a New York State Police trooper was charged with fabricating evidence. Harvey admitted he and another trooper lifted fingerprints from items the suspect, John Spencer, touched while in Troop C headquarters during booking. He attached the fingerprints to evidence cards and later claimed that he had pulled the fingerprints from the scene of the murder. The forged evidence was used during trial and John Spencer was sentenced to 50 years to life in prisonâ⬠(New York Times, 1993. ) It is ââ¬Å"important that the officials within the justice system be held to higher standards in moral and ethical behavior. As the law enforcement arm of our legal system, Law enforcement officers take a front-line role in activating the laws our legislators create. If they arrest those they know are innocent, create fake evidence against the innocent, or otherwise undo the requirement of honest and honorable behavior, they undo the processes of the justice system from the very beginning, and therefore corrupt the whole processâ⬠(RealPolice, 2000). Honesty and justice are the entities that we depend on to distinguish between right and wrong, good and evil, legal and illegal. We depend on justice to keep us safe from evil and allow us to live our lives in harmony and peace, without chaos. According to John Locke (1690), we, as citizens, give up sovereignty to a government or other authority in order to receive or maintain social order through the rule of law under the Social Contract Theory. Crime control and due process models are ââ¬Å"two competing systems of values operating within criminal justice, the tension between the two accounts for the conflict and disharmony that now is observable in the criminal justice systemâ⬠(Hoffman, p. 12, 2000). Although they are both different systems both impact the way our judicial system is ran. ââ¬Å"When comparing the due process and crime control models, it should be kept in mind that proponents of both models embrace constitutional valuesâ⬠(Hoffman, p. 11, 2000). The concept of Crime Control Model is to get the criminal off the street and to protect the innocent. ââ¬Å"The Crime Control Model could perhaps be seen in a negative mannerism due to the fact that it assumes the alleged criminal is guilty even before they step foot into the court, this model supports those actions of the police and prosecutors to the fullest extentâ⬠(Zalman, p. 3, 2002). This ââ¬Å"model moves the alleged criminal through the system with the forethought that everyone is guilty until proven otherwise, and also limits the amount of plea-bargaining and appeals. The main objective of the criminal justice process should be to discover the truth or to establish the guilt of the accusedâ⬠(Hof fman, p. 11, 2000). The ââ¬Å"Due Process Model resembles an obstacle courseâ⬠(Zalman, p. 13, 2002). ââ¬Å"This system is far more realistic in the fact that it leaves room for error. It does not automatically assume that the alleged criminal is guilty before the case is proven. This system does not want to risk prosecuting an innocent personâ⬠(Zalman, p. 13, 2002) it ââ¬Å"demands the prevention and elimination of mistakes to the extent possible. The Due Process Model is said to be ââ¬Å"suspicious of those who are power hungry and merely looking to convict. The difference between the two models in this sense is that the Crime Control Model is based upon factual guilt and the Due Process Model is based upon legal guiltâ⬠(Zalman, p. 14, 2002). ââ¬Å"Due Process is also based upon equal treatment of the defendant. The reason that this is believed is because it is felt that errors are the cause for an invalid conviction. While the Crime Control Model strongly contradicts this view it can sometimes hinder a personââ¬â¢s rights within the systemâ⬠(Zalamn, p. 14, 2002). In the case of Charles Manson, the crime control model, was swift and took the criminal off the streets. ââ¬Å"Manson was found guilty of conspiracy to commit the Tate and LaBianca murders, carried out by members of the group at his instruction. He was convicted of the murders themselves through the joint-responsibility rule, which makes each member of a conspiracy guilty of crimes his fellow conspirators commit in furtherance of the conspiracy's objectâ⬠(Linder, 2002). The case of ââ¬Å"Roe v. Wade is a good example of the due process model, making it a crime in under Texas law to assist a woman to get an abortion violated her due process rights. The Court held that a woman's right to an abortion fell within the right to privacy protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. The decision gave a woman total autonomy over the pregnancy during the first trimester and defined different levels of state interest for the second and third trimestersâ⬠(Oyez Project, 2010). Both models have been opposing each other for years, the crime control model used by law enforcement is based on the assumption that the evidence in a case is reliable and factual not fabricated. Under the due process model the individual charged with a crime will have his or her rights protected To determine that one model is better than the other one would have ââ¬Å"to make a value judgment. Crime control reflects conservative values, whereas due process model reflects liberal values. In my opinion the due process model is unbiased, and follows the principles of the Declaration of Independenceâ⬠(Hoffman, p. 1, 2000). Too bad the two models cannot come together to form a model that would work for everyone. References (1993) ââ¬Å"Police Investigation Supervisor Admits Faking Fingerprintsâ⬠The New York Times Retrieved March 7, 2010 from http://www. nytimes. com (2000) ââ¬Å"Honesty in the Justice Systemâ⬠RealPolice Retrieved March 7, 2010 from http://forums. rea lpolice. net Hoffman, D. (2000) ââ¬Å"Great Debate in Criminal Justice: Should the Crime Control Model or the Due Process Model Prevailâ⬠Criminal Justice Cliff-Notes pgs. 1-12 Retrieved March 7, 2010 Linder, Doug (2002) ââ¬Å"The Charles Manson (Tate-LaBianca Murder) Trialâ⬠UMKC Law Retrieved March 7, 2010 from http://www. wikipedia. com Locke John (1690) ââ¬Å"Two Treatises Governmentâ⬠Project Gutenberg (10th edition)Retrieved March 7, 2010 from http://www. gutenberg. org/dirs/etext05/trgov10h. htm The Oyez Project, ââ¬Å"Roe v. Wade, 410 U. S. 113 (1973)â⬠Retrieved March 7, 2010 from http://oyez. org/cases/1970-1979/1971/1971_70_18 Zalman, M. (2002) ââ¬Å"Analysis of the Crime Control and Due Process Modelsâ⬠Criminal Procedure: Constitution and Society Retrieved March 7, 2010 from http://www. associatedcontent. com
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)