Kepler :: essays research papers

KeplerAs far as people who are hygienic versed in just virtually every aspect of life, Johannes Kepler was one of the great few. Unlike many of the great thinkers of his era, he was not skeptical about writing down his findings in his correspondence and, in turn getting them published so he would receive full credit for his ideas. At the judgment of conviction of Kepler there were no scientific journals that he could post his findings on. His work in developing the Planetary Laws of Motion supercede all findings in celestial mechanics. This is not to celebrate that the man is credited with originating the word satellite as well as several firsts in the field of optics. Johannes Kepler was born in Weil der Stadt, Wuttenberg on the 27th of declination 1571. Wurttenberg was then part of the Holy Roman Empire, but now its borders lie in present day Germany. He died November 15th, 1630 in Regensburg which also currently lies in Germany. Kepler was the first child born to a mercenary soldier and the daughter of an innkeeper. The very same inn that Johannes stayed for much of his childhood after the age of five when his father left the family to fight in the Netherlands. Keplers early work at a nearby seminary got him enough recognition to honor a apprehension to the University of Tubingen.1 It was there that he was first introduced to the ideas of Copernicus, which he seemed to take a strong liking to right away. In one of his first published works spell earning his way as a Mathematics teacher in Graz he was the first to defend Copernicus and his Copernican system. The theory that the planets revolve around the sun not the Earth was still being refuted by some of the more prominent thinkers of the time. His school was undoubtedly Lutheran, which also was the religion of his family so the connection was strong. He held disruptive to the Augsburg Confession of Lutheranism, but refused to sign the Formula of Concord because of his disagreement with some of th e values listed in it. This did not sit well with those in authority and Kepler was excluded from the Lords Supper in the Lutheran Church. He also refused to convert to Catholicism during this time which left him no side to take in the Thirty-Years War. This did not deter him from his assurance and belief in God.

Fairy tale conventions and Great Expectations :: essays papers

Fairy tale conventions and majuscule ExpectationsGreat Expectations and Fairy tales Tolkien describes the facets which are necessary in a good fairy tales as fantasy, recovery, escape, and consolation - recovery from deep despair, escape from some great danger, but most of all, consolation. Speak-ing of the happy ending,all deal fairy stories must have it all the same fantastic or terrible the adventure, it can give to child or man that hears it,a catch of breath, a beat and lifting of the heart near to tears. Great Expectations shares many of the conventions of fairy tales. The one dimensional characters, the use of repetition, and the evil women seem to make the similarities strikingly strong. However, are they strong enough to conclude that it is indeed a fairy tale? It can not be ignored that it also falls short on some important areas, such as the conventional fairy tale ending. Is there enough evidence to classify it either way? Fairy tales have characters of complete good or complete evil. thither are no characters who posses both of these qualities. In reading Great Expectations it is plain to see that there is indeed total goodness and total evil. This can be seen in many of the characters. There is no goodness to be found in Orlick. He plays the role of the bully. His hot temper results in the near final stage of Mrs. Joe and in the near death of Pip. Compeyson is another who has no goodness to be found in him. He is full of evil and hate. It was said that He had no more heart than a iron file, he was cold as death and he had the head of the devil. He broke the heart of hapless Miss Havisham so he could have her money. He also longed to kill his enemy, Magwitch, and ends up reporting him to the officials to get him put to death. Nowhere in this tale do either of these men show one ounce of compassion or goodness. They can both be regarded as the enemies and the Bad guys of the story. Joe is a character who shows complete goo dness. He is kind hearted and gentle. His generosity and forgiveness is demonstrated countless times in the story. When the escaped convict speaks about the food he stole from Joe and asks his forgiveness, Joes response is not one of anger.

Evolutionary Basis for Ethics and Morals :: Science

growingary Basis for Ethics and MoralsWith the advent of Darwins theories of evolution and the ascent popularity of biological science as the explanation of human origins, it is perhaps no surprise that philosophers began to tackle the notion of ethics and morals from an evolutionary perspective, eschewing reliance on religious texts and yet seeking to find in science the basis for such char traveleristics that have long been under the purview of religion and used to crystalize humanity from its fellow animals. While sociobiologists studied the evolution of interrelations between organisms in pairs, groups, herds, colonies, and nations, both Thomas Hobbes and Friedrich Nietzsche attempted to derive the origins of such groups and nations and the foundation of their morality by using an biological evolutionary model (Dennett 483).Hobbes and Nietzsche tell stories of their own making to explain how such moral civilizations were brought into being. In the Hobbesian version, humans once existed in an amoral aver in which there was no concept of good and evil simply good and bad, with all ethics removed. For example, although they distinguished a good spear from a bad spear...they had no concept of a good or bad person, a moral person, or a good act, a moral act or their contraries, villains and vices ( Dennett 454). Mankind persisted in this state of nature...nasty, brutish and short, Hobbes believed, until several enterprising members of the population arrived at the notion of a social contract. Instead of remaining in constant competition with each other, humans began to band together outside of simple insular family groups for the protection and sustenance of all the state, in its nascent form.Dennett draws financial aid to Lynn Margulis story of the eukaryotic revolution, which does provide a useful basis for comparison between the evolution of human civilization and the evolution of species (Dennet 454). Throughout the Precambrian period, Ernst Mayr writ es in What Evolution Is, the rich diversity of protists gave rise to multicellular descendant, some of which then led to plants, fungi, and animals, and indeed the change from simple prokaryotes to the more complex eukaryotes, and from single-celled eukaryotes to multicellular eukaryotes, seems to reverberate human development into ethical beings assuming that Hobbes story is true (Mayr 60). The multicellular organisms, which, thanks to a division of labor among a gang of specialist cells, could right off pursue a more complex and

A Response to Nilofar Shidmehrs God Existed or Exists :: Nilofar Shidmehr God Existence Essays

A Response to Nilofar Shidmehrs God Existed or ExistsIntroductionIn recent years, scientists hold back come to the amazing discovery that the cosmos of carbon-based life in our universe is dependent upon a set of extremely improbable initial conditions. In their article, The Anthropic Teleological Argument,1 Betty and Cordell lay out some of these conditions in cosmogeny and biochemistry. Had various initial conditions of the universe been slightly altered, life would have been impossible. Betty and Cordell then argue that the existence of an intelligent creator is the best explanation for the universe. Needless to say, their conclusions have not gone unchallenged.Nilofar Shidmehr, in her article God Existed or Exists has presented four objections to Betty and Cordells Anthropic Teleological Argument (ATA). First, she argues that at best, ATA only shows that God existed, still not that God exists. Secondly, she argues that the dictum that the greater cannot come from the le sser is false. Thirdly, she argues that There is a huge difference between having an explanation and telling that there must(prenominal) be an explanation.2 Fourthly, Shidmehr presents three theories that increase the chances that the universe randomly evolved for the existence of carbon-based life. Thus, there is no need to invoke an intelligent designer. Given these four objections, it seems evident that Shidmehr believes that ATA fails.In this paper, I will defend ATA against only two of Shidmehrs objections. I will argue against her first objection by showing that a wholesome analysis of ATA does give us reason to believe that God currently exists. Secondly, I will argue against her third objection by showing that the existence of God is a good explanation for the initial conditions of the universe. So without further adoI. God Existed AND ExistsShidmehrs first objection is to argue that there is no reason to believe that even if ATA is sound, God would not have to curren tly exist. Shidmehr writesIf we look around ourselves, we can see several well-designed buildings and goods whose creator or designer had died the existence of a creation and the continuity of its existence, since it came to being, are not dependent upon the existence of its creator.3Secondly, Shidmehr goes on to say that there are several stories we can theorise to account for the demise of God. Suppose there was some sort of SuperGod that was unpleased with Gods creation of the universe causing SuperGod to destroy God.

Reasons for Inequalities of Women?s Health Care in India Essay

India- An overview of the CountryIndia, a country in South East Asia, has the worlds second highest population. Out of the one billion pot residing in the nation, 120 million of its women live in poverty. The male person to female birth ratio is 1.05 males to 1 female. The life expectancy of the average person is cardinal years of age. They receive a literacy rate (people over the age of fifteen that can read and write) of 59.5 percent, with 70.2 percent of males being literate and 48.3 percent of females that are competent to read and write (cia.gov). Indias economy is based of importly on traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a the great unwashed of support services. It is a patriarchal society, which means that men are the head of societal and familial matters. Women are not thought of as equal to their male counter parts and are anticipate to be obedient of males. Because of the large, unfavorable shift of pow er, women face injustices and inequalities in almost every aspect of their lives. A main issue that has always been present and continues to be problematic is the inequalities women must deal with when it comes to health care.What types of services are available to women when they are pregnant and what types of conditions result from these particular services?The common belief when it comes to pregnancy is that it is an ordinary part of every womans life. Even though child birth is an extremely arouse and happy moment for a family, the mother and child are considered impure and polluting (Hussain, 2001). When a woman is pregnant, she is given special treatment in her family, often not expected to do housework and is fed much better, but only if the expected child will be a son. Often, if it is known that the woman will have a daughter, she will still be expected to perform all of her domestic duties, no matter how dangerous it may be for the fetus. Prenatal and post-natal health care are usually not given to a women. Most women, more than 50 percent, give birth to their child in their own homes. The measure when she is taken to a hospital is when she will be delivering a male child. In the article, Do Women really Have a Voice? fruitful way and Practices of Two Religious Communities, Sabiha Hussain (2001) tells the story of a woman... ...ctober 28, 2004 from ProQuest database. Improving Womens Health in India. Retrieved October 28, 2004, from www.worldbank.orgJohnson, Katherine. (2003). Sweating it Out for Nothing. Womens Feature Service New Delhi. Retrieved October 28, 2004 from ProQuest database. Kasturi, Leela. (Dec 31, 2000). Greater Political delegacy for Women The Case of India. Asian Journal Of Womens Studies Seoul. Vol. 4, Iss.4, p. 9. Retrieved October 28, 2004 from ProQuest database.Slugget, Catherine. (Apr 30, 1999). Women for Women in India Two Unique Projects Catering to Women in India. Trikone Magazine San Jose Vol. 14, Iss. 2, p. 11 Ret rieved October 28, 2004 from ProQuest database.Women and Health India The Male Factor in Womens Reproductive Ill-Health tempt News Lexington Winter 2000. Vol. 26, Iss. 1, p. 19. Retrieved October 28, 2004 from ProQuest database. Women and Health. Win News Lexington Autumn 1992. Vol. 18, Iss. 4, p. 21. Retrieved October 28, 2004 from ProQuest database.India.(2004). World Fact book. Retrieved November 2, 2004, from www.cia.gov.Zucker, Jessica. (2001). A Snapshot of Womens Reproductive health in India. Global Reproductive Health.

White Oleander Essay examples -- essays research papers

White Oleander, a dramatic fiction by Janet Fitch, was published by Little, browned and Company in Boston. The story is about a mother and daughter, Ingred and Astrid have a very unusual relationship. Ingred loves her daughter but never asks her what she thinks so and so doesnt know her daughter too well. Such as she does not know of her daughters yearning for a father. Ingred makes it very clear that she will not allow herself to press close to a man. She is a very brilliant, beautiful poet, who is adored by a man named Barry Kolker. He goes to all of her readings, and asks her out each time. One of the propagation Barry invites her to go to the Gamelan, an orchestra. Loving the Gamelan, she accepts. Her and Astrid join Barry, and they begin talking more. They start going out more, but each time she makes and stands by regulations, such as he will invite her to eat after an event where they had not planned on eating and she will refuse, because she doesnt like to get attached t o men, and doesnt want to fell anymore time than she had already allotted. All of a sudden, her rules start diminishing. One time, there was a knock at her door, and it was Barry. She thought to herself, how dare he fair(a) come without an invitation?. When she opened the door (a knife in her hand), he had a bottle of wine, and bag of something that smelled good. To Astrids surprise she did something least expected. She invited him in. One night Barry said he would be over to her house at 9 and nev...

A Culture of Respect

A Culture of deference How Can Leaders Create a Culture of Respect in an Industrial Organization? ORGL 506 Gonzaga University John Gergich ORGL 506 A1 professor Barbara McLaughlin February 19th, 2012 Abstract This paper provides an overview of seek surrounding the importance of creating a culture of respect within an industrial organization. The research identifies key definitions of respect as puff up as different principles interrelated to respect much(prenominal) as cartwheel, integrity and transparency. Drawing on the research, culture is defined by policies, procedures and appearances of the individuals who make up the organization.The research also describes not only the keys necessary to developing an environment where respect and trust flourish, but how to sustain the gains in order to create a private-enterprise(a) advantage. When respect and trust are increased, productivity increases and cost is reduced. Conversely, when respect and trust are low, the speed at whi ch things are accomplished is significantly slowed and costs set out to spiral out of control. Creating a Culture of Respect Respect is one of the values that we hear talked about a lot in organizations.Respect is a record that usu on the wholey evokes a positive conversation in that most human beings feel that respect is important and valued. The problem has been that almost no one actually thinks about or understands what it means to respect someone, create a culture of respect among people or for that matter what it means to be to be respect. We wear outt generally normally think of respect as an action but as a feeling or judgment about other people. The purpose of this literature review is to give leaders, line managers, project managers and change agents pragmatical assistance in creating a work environment where everyone feels valued and espected and where worrying and hector are unacceptable. The guidance draws on information from a number of resources and research d ocuments produced in recent years. Leaders who fail to tackle discrimination, harassment and bullying pay a price. The cost to an organization can be measured in lost time because staff are affected by var. and ill health lower engagement due to low morale reduced work output and quality of helper lost resources due to ingenious and experienced people leaving the organization Organizations are complex systems with their own rules and cultures.The way that organizations manage people plays an important position in the creation of a culture that is either respectful or bullying towards its employees. An organization has to ensure that its systems and culture do not reward bullying behavior, but rather that such behavior will be discovered and challenged. Literature Review Defining Respect The word respect originates from the Latin respectus which means to aroma or to look back. The term can be distinguished as having something to do with observation.If the prefix re implies a gain, then we have the concept of respect as meaning something like looking again (Selman, 2001). Respecting another means we are looking at the other person in a particular way. Although we whitethorn or may not agree with anothers worldview or perspective, we are open to listening and honoring their opinion. Conversely, disrespect conveys a behavior in which we are generally closed to certain possibilities and conversations with them. Although respect is yet a word, what it means and what it distinguishes for us can make all the difference in how we view ourselves and others.In the article Leadership and respect, the root suggests that spell respect is a context for any relationship, we as individuals make the choice whether it is an expression of our commitment to effective relationships with others or whether it becomes part of a culture and worldview that separates and limits us. Stephen M. R. Covey suggests that the foundation of effective relationships is trust. While us as individuals may have positive intent, people judge others base on consistent behavior. The exclusive biggest violation of trust is integrity.Covey asserts that integrity is of greater importance than honesty. Although honesty is crucial, integrity is made up of three other components congruency, obscureness and courage (2006). It stands to reason that respect begins with leaders displaying an honorable character which is consistent in nature with the values and goals of the organization. If leaders simply pay lip service when people are watching, yet act in an inconsistent way in private, the foundation of trust has been damaged and it will be difficult at best to create an atmosphere of respect. How Respect is DevelopedCreating a culture of respect begins with a commitment to seeing everyone as worthy of respect. As previously suggested, while we dont always have a choice about our automatic judgments and predispositions, we do have a choice about what our valuations mean and the exercising weight we give to them in our day to day relationships (Selman, 2001). Covey describes building trust and respect within an organization as a cause and effect relationship. The author suggests that there are taxes and dividends companies can avoid and leverage in an attempt to develop a culture of respect (2006) (fig. 1. 1). Taxes Dividends Redundancy Increased Value bureaucracy Accelerated Growth Politics Enhanced Innovation Disengagement Improved Collaboration Turnover Stronger Partnering Churn Better Execution Fraud Heightened Loyalty direct 1. 1 As organizations develop a culture of respect, standards and values have an impact on an employees perception as to what is acceptable behavior (Tehrani, 2001). Organizations press release through this type of cultural transformation need to engage all pertinent stakeholders in the development process. This universal participation and buy-in dramatically increases the likelihood of success. How Respect i s SustainedArmstrong International is a privately-owned mid-sized manufacturing corporation in Michigan which has been steadily growing even during the recession. In their 109 year existence they have never had a single layoff. According to the companys fourth-generation Chief Executive, David Armstrong, the secret to their success is establishing a work culture based on respect (Earing, 2012). Specifically in an industrial organization, Armstrong believes the key to a successful manufacturing operation is one that focuses on building a culture based on core values, such as honesty and respect. It all goes back to the golden ruleDo unto others as you would do to you. Treat your employees with respect and courtesy, and communicate with them about whats going on, (para 12).Tehrani suggests that organizations need to practical and emotional support to people in conflict when issues arise (2001). Although an organization with a sustained level of respect is characterized as having an a tmosphere of trust and dignity, it is evenly important for leaders to be actively involved in being aware and diagnosing the signs and symptoms of bullying and harassment. Nancy R. Lockwood theorizes that workplace diversity is no longer just about anti-discrimination compliance, but also that it focuses on inclusion and the impact on the bottom line. Leveraging workplace diversity, and thus diversity of thought, is increasingly seen as a vital strategic resource for belligerent advantage.More companies are linking workplace diversity to their strategic goals and objectivesand holding management accountable for results (2005). Thus, HR plays a key role in diversity management and leadership to create and empower an organizational culture that fosters a respectful, inclusive, knowledge-based environment where each employee has the opportunity to learn, grow and meaningfully result to the organizations success. Conclusion Organizations will never completely eradicate human beings f rom having judgments about themselves and others. However, as leaders we can establish an environment of respect and live by the principle of trust.Like all values, respect cannot be legislated or regulated into existence. It must be learned, coached and demonstrated by leaders throughout the organization. Respect, as has been distinguished, is the context for all relationships and can be created through commitment within every day interactions. Achieving a environment where all people are fully engaged and respected is a large undertaking that requires tremendous focus and leadership. It cannot be something you do on the corner of your desk or when you have time. You need to observe evidence that the behavior is evident and institutionalized within the organization. References Covey, S. M. R. (2006).The Speed of Trust. New York Simon & Schuster. Earing, A. (2012). Successful Manufacturing Starts With Respect. Retrieved January 28th, 2012 from http//www. impomag. com/scripts/ShowPR. asp? RID=11870=0 Lockwood, N. (2005). Workplace diversity leveraging the power of difference for competitive advantage. Retrieved January 28th, 2012 from http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_6_50/ai_n14702678/ Selman, J. (2001). Leadership and respect. Retrieved January 28th, 2012 from http//www. paracomm. com/articles/respect. html Tehrani, N. (2001). Building a culture of respect managing bullying at work. London Taylor & Francis. pic

Air Pollution Essay

IntroductionThe acress atmosphere, at or near sea train, consists approximately of 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen and 1 percent other gases. If it were possible to remain in this state, 100 percent clean house direct would result. However, many varied sources exclusivelyow other gases and particulates to mix with the clean air, causing our atmosphere to fashion unclean or polluted. Some of these pollutants are visible while others are invisible, with each having the capability of causing distress to the eyes, ears, throat, come up and respiratory system. Should these pollutants become concentrated in a specific domain and under certain conditions, death could result due to the displacement or chemical change of the oxygen content in the air. These pollutants abide also cause great stultification to the environment and to the many man made objects that are heart-to-heart to the elements. To better understand the causes of air pollution, the pollutants can be catego rized into 3 separate display cases, natural, industrial and automotive.Natural PollutantsNatural pollution has been present on state since before man appeared and continues to be a factor when discussing air pollution, although it causes only a small percentage of the overall pollution problem. It is the direct result of decaying radical matter, wind born smoke and particulates from such natural events as plain and forest fires (ignited by passionateness or lightning), volcanic ash, sand and dust which can spread over a large area of the countryside.Such a phenomenon of natural pollution has been seen in the form of volcanic eruptions, with the resulting plume of smoke, steam and volcanic ash blotting out the suns rays as it spreads and rises higher into the atmosphere. As it travels into the atmosphere the upper air currents catch and carry the smoke and ash, while distil the steam brook into water vapor. As the water vapor, smoke and ash travel on their journey, the smoke dissipates into the atmosphere while the ash and moisture dissolve back to earth in a trail hundreds of miles long. In some cases, lives are lost and millions of dollars of property damage result.Industrial PollutantsIndustrial pollution is caused generally by industrial processes, the anxious of coal, oil and natural gas, which in turn produce smoke and fume. Because the burning give notices contain large amounts of sulfur, the principal ingredients of smoke and fumes are sulfur dioxide and particulate matter. This type of pollutant occurs most stark(a)ly during still, damp and cool weather, such as at night. Even in its less severe form, this pollutant is non confined to just cities.Because of air operatements, the pollutants move for miles over the surrounding countryside, leaving in its path a barren and unhealthy environment for all living things. Working with Federal, State and Local mandated regulations and by carefully monitoring emissions, big business has greatly r educed the amount of pollutant introduced from its industrial sources, striving to vex an acceptable direct. Because of the mandated industrial emission clean up, many land areas and streams in and around the cities that were formerly barren of vegetation and life, have now begun to move back in the direction of natures intended balance.Automotive PollutantsThe third major source of air pollution is automotive emissions. The emissions from the internal combustion engines were not an appreciable problem years ago because of the small number of registered vehicles and the nations small highway system. However, during the early 1950s, the trend of the American people was to move from the cities to the surrounding suburbs. This caused an immediate problem in transportation because the majority of suburbs were not afforded mass transit conveniences. This lack of transportation created an attractive market for the automobile manufacturers, which resulted in a dramatic increase in the nu mber of vehicles produced and sold, along with a marked increase in highway construction between cities and the suburbs.Multi-vehicle families emerged with a evolution emphasis placed on an individual vehicle per family member. As the increase in vehicle ownership and usage occurred, so did pollutant levels in and around the cities, as suburbanites drove daily to their businesses and employment, returning at the end of the day to their homes in the suburbs. It was noted that a smoke and fog type haze was being make and at times, remained in suspension over the cities, taking time to dissipate. At beginning this smog, derived from the words smoke and fog, was thought to result from industrial pollution simply it was determined that automobile emissions shared the blame.It was discovered that when normal automobile emissions were exposed to sunlight for a period of time, complex chemical reactions would take place. It is now cognise that smog is a photo chemical layer which develo ps when certain oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) from automobile emissions are exposed to sunlight. Pollution was more severe when smog would become stagnant over an area in which a warm layer of air settled over the top of the cooler air mass, trapping and guardianship the cooler mass at ground level. The trapped cooler air would keep the emissions from being dispersed and diluted through normal air flows. This type of air stagnation was given the name Temperature Inversion.TEMPERATURE INVERSIONIn normal weather situations, surface air is warmed by horniness radiating from the earths surface and the suns rays. This causes it to rise upward, into the atmosphere. Upon rising it will cool through a convection type heat exchange with the cooler upper air. As warm air rises, the surface pollutants are carried upward and dissipated into the atmosphere. When a temperature inversion occurs, we find the higher air is no longer cooler, however is warmer than the sur face air, causing the cooler surface air to become trapped. This warm air blanket can extend from above ground level to a few hundred or even a few thousand feet into the air. As the surface air is trapped, so are the pollutants, causing a severe smog condition. Should this stagnant air mass extend to a few thousand feet high, enough air movement with the inversion takes place to reserve the smog layer to rise above ground level but the pollutants still cannot dissipate.This inversion can remain for days over an area, with the smog level only rising or lowering from ground level to a few hundred feet high. Meanwhile, the pollutant levels increase, causing eye irritation, respiratory problems, reduced visibility, plant damage and in some cases, even disease. This inversion phenomenon was first noted in the Los Angeles, California area. The city lies in terrain resembling a basin and with certain weather conditions, a cold air mass is held in the basin while a warmer air mass covers it like a lid. Because this type of condition was first documented as prevalent in the Los Angeles area, this type of trapped pollution was named Los Angeles Smog, although it occurs in other areas where a large concentration of automobiles are used and the air remains stagnant for any length of time.HEAT TRANSFERConsider the internal combustion engine as a machine in which raw(prenominal) materials must be placed so a finished product comes out. As in any machine operation, a certain amount of work-shy material is formed. When we relate this to the internal combustion engine, we find that through the input of air and fuel, we obtain power during the combustion process to drive the vehicle. The by-product or waste of this power is, in part, heat and exhaust gases with which we must dispose. The heat from the combustion process can rise to over 4000F (2204C). The dissipation of this heat is controlled by a ram air effect, the use of cooling fans to cause air flow and a liquid coola nt solution surrounding the combustion area to transfer the heat of combustion through the cylinder walls and into the coolant.The coolant is because directed to a thin-finned, multi-tubed radiator, from which the excess heat is transferred to the atmosphere by 1 of the 3 heat transfer methods, conduction, convection or radiation. The cooling of the combustion area is an important part in the control of exhaust emissions. To understand the behavior of the combustion and transfer of its heat, determine the air/fuel charge. It is ignited and the flame front burns progressively across the combustion chamber until the burning charge reaches the cylinder walls. Some of the fuel in contact with the walls is not hot enough to burn, thereby snuffing out or quenching the combustion process.This leaves unburned fuel in the combustion chamber. This unburned fuel is then forced out of the cylinder and into the exhaust system, along with the exhaust gases. Many attempts have been made to minim ize the amount of unburned fuel in the combustion put up due to quenching, by increasing the coolant temperature and lessening the contact area of the coolant around the combustion area. However, design limitations within the combustion chambers prevent the complete burning of the air/fuel charge, so a certain amount of the unburned fuel is still expelled into the exhaust system, regardless of modifications to the engine.

Lady Macbeth Letter Essay

I have just finished reading a letter hand written from my husband Macbeth. He has informed me some a mysterious prediction that was made to him by three non mortal beings. The letter tells of how his prediction says he would be King of Scotland, and before this Thane of Cawdor. The expectancy that he would be Cawdor was not incorrect so why not to be king? My wonderful husband could become king and I, Queen of Scotland. Macbeth would be a noble king, far more worthy than Dun screwing. King Duncan is not fit to be called a man let alone king of a country grand as Scotland. My courageous Macbeth was the reason the war against the barbaric Norwegians was won, not Duncan.The only problem is by the time Duncans reign on the throne has ended, when the wretch is dead and buried, I too and Macbeth shall most likely be old and feeble if not dead ourselves. I must set a way to put an end to Duncan, I cannot risk losing an opportunity as grand as this for Macbeth and myself. Perhaps murd er is the only options, I could not commit such a thing myself, I have not the strength nor the willpower but Macbeth? The trouble would be convincing him, Duncan has such mellowed opinions of my love and Macbeth returns the favour equally as well but he loves me and I am sure I can convince him.Maybe when I show him what this could mean for us and use my feminine charm on him hell be convinced. I am not deceiving him, the eventual result is for his benefit, how I miss him so much already, hes such a wonderful man and would make such a worthy king. I can hardly wait for him to return, itll be so wonderful. He was a born ruler, my true love we shall be King and Queen Macbeth of Scotland. I do not care that God chose King Duncan I will give my husband his crown and we shall rule. Even if I have to call down the evil hard liquor and take my emotions away, I want to feel like a man and kill him without remorse. I must go now and decide how he shall die, farewell.

Suzanne Collins

2/29/12 English 1 Author Study Suzanne Collins Suzanne Collins, the author of The Hunger Games Trilogy, is a forty-five year old woman who lives in Connecticut with her husband and two daughters. Out of a love for story-telling and writing, she began her writing career as a childrens movie and story author. She didnt think her writing would take her as far in life as it did. In 1991, Suzanne began writing stories for childrens tv set series.She helped write many stories for shows such as Little Bear, Oswald, and Cliffords Puppy Days. She had such a vast imagination and aptitude for story-telling and writing, that she kept on doing it until it became her chief(prenominal) income. Before she knew it, she had written the young adult fiction novel, The Hunger Games. The inspiration for this book came from the story, Alice in Wonderland.She pondered about how easily it was to sweep up the reader into a whole new realm of imagination where she could create her own characters with unique characteristics, and circumstances with unexpected twists and turns at every flip of the p days. She realized how easy it was to compel the readers feel like they are truly a part of this new world where anything could happen. With this inspiration she wrote The Hunger Games.She didnt expect the book to gain quite an the popularity it did, but she certainly knew she had done an exceptional job at producing her creative masterpiece. In summary, we can conclude that Suzanne Collins was a brilliant, smart young dame who used her creativity in such a way to produce many fun-filled, lively stories that not only children, but people of any age can appreciate. The Hunger Games was such an amazing piece of work. I would recommend to anybody willing to read it. It truly shows how talented of an author, Suzanne Collins truly is.

Quationair on Airtel Broadband Customer Satisfaction Essay

QUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON CUSTOMERSATISFACTIONNAME OF THE ORGANISATIONADDRESS / OFFICE (1) . discriminate OFFICE / HO ..( INDIA / ABROAD)CONTACT NO. (S).. (1) (2) INFORMATION COLLECTED FROM DESIGNATION/ E-MAIL ID .NO. OF INTERNET USERS ..HOURS OF USAGE PER DAY. ** ABOUT YOUR ORGANISATION constitution ADMINISTRATOR.... IT MANAGER .1. Overall, how do you feel about your experience with BHARTI as your Internet Service Provider?Excellent Very Good Good Fair Poor 2. Rate the following aspects of your internet alliance from BHARTIExcellentVery GoodGoodFairPoorReliability Speed Busy signals Disconnects 3 In speaking with your obtain representative, how would you rate the following as friendly, as professionalism or as in enkindle in firmness your trouble? a. FriendlyAs friendly as I expected Friendly Average Less friendly than I expected Unfriendly N/A b. ProfessionalismAs professional as I expected Professional neither professional nor unprofessional Less professional t han I expected Unprofessional c. Interest in solving your problemAs interested as I expected Very interested Interested Neither interested nor uninterested Uninterested 4.When solving your problem, how would you rate the information provided? Extremely well presented and understandable Well presented and understandable Sufficient to solve the problem Difficult to understand Extremely unmanageable to understand N/A 5. Understanding of the problemVery satisfied that my problem was understood Somewhat satisfied that my problem was understood Unsure that my problem was understood My problem was not understood Did not have the ability to solve my problem 6. Was your problem solved on this call?Yes No Do not remember Other ___________________________________7. If your answer to the antecedent question was no, why?The problem was caused by a piece of software other than Bharti software. The problem was due to a network or server outage. The problem was with my system or phone lines. I got transferred to someone who could fix my problem. I got frustrated and decided it was not worth fixing myProblem. The rep lacked the knowledge to contract the problemsWith my Bharti software and connection correctly. Other ___________________________________8. If you needed to contact Bhartis good support again and were given the option to speak with this representative, would you?Yes No Undecided 9. How would you rate Bharti technical support as compared to that of other companies? Much better than other companies technical support. Better than other companies technical support. About the same quality as other companies technical support. Worse than other companies technical support. Much worse than other companies technical support. I have never contacted another company for technical support. N/A

Investigation of Enthalpy Change When Mg is added to HCl Essay

Research QuestionHow is the enthalpy change of the reaction between Mg and HCl moved(p) when contrary lists of Mg are added to a perpetual amount of HCl?VariablesIndependent MgDependent TemperatureControl HClControlling VariablesI provide use three diametric masses of Mg 0.02g 0.001g, 0.03g 0.001g, 0.04g 0.001gI will footprint the temperature using a colorimeter made from a foam form, a lid, and a thermometerI will keep HCl at a constant volume of 10mL of 1M HClProcedureStep 1 Measure out 10mL of 1M HClStep 2 Pour HCl into foam cup and place lid on cupStep 3 Measure the initial temperature and record dataStep 4 Add in 0.02g of Mg into cup and measure the finial temperatureStep 5 Calculate change in temperature by subtracting the initial temperature from the finial temperatureStep 6 Repeat steps 1-5 8 much times for a total of 9 trails changing the mass of Mg in step 4 every 3 trails from 0.02g 0.001g to 0.03g 0.001g to 0.04g 0.001g.Conclusion and EvaluationThe results portrayed a small correlation between the enthalpy change in the reaction between Mg and HCl when different amounts of Mg are added to a constant amount of HCl. The average enthalpy change of the different masses of Mg are not consistently changing. When the amount of Mg shifts from 0.02g 0.001g to 0.03g 0.001g the average enthalpy changes from 453.27 kJ/ mole to 406.77 kJ/mol but when it shifts form 0.03g 0.001g to 0.04g 0.001g the average enthalpy changes from 406.77 kJ/mol to 418.4 kJ/mol. Now the answer to the question -How is the enthalpy change of the reaction between Mg and HCl affected when different amounts of Mg are added to a constant amount of HCl? Is there is an effect to the enthalpy change when different amounts of Mg are added but it is unpredictable and the change in the enthalpy isnt steady in its rise or decline.The experiment was done using different foam cups and a calorimeter and the amount of time that the chemicals temperatures were recorded were diffe rent. If I was to improve this experiment I would use the same kind of foam cups and lids for each trial and I would also measure the temperature for each chemical under a specific time limit which would be the same for each trial.Investigation of Enthalpy Change When Mg is added to HCl

Factors Affecting Psychological Pressures on High School Students

The many pressures of mellow school can have various effects on students. Depending on the student and their carriagestyle, the effects can be both positive or negative. There are many aspects that have an affect on a students act in school. Some of the factors take home manners, genial life, academic life and later school life. The entirety of their time management and decisions has the most affect on their performance (Katz 11). At home, a student goes through many different circumstances that their comrades and t for each oneers whitethorn be unaware of.For example, if a student has divorced parents, this will play a pick up role in find how they perform in school. Alcoholic and abusive parents are likewise sometimes a factor. Often, students with a rough home life will perform at a lower level in school due to the other things they are going through at home. On the other hand, oftentimes an abused teen will put more effort into their schoolwork in order to fulfill needs of self-satisfaction that are not being met at home (Pickett 14).Often teens with older siblings perform better in school. Studies show that the younger children do better in high school. This is most often attributed to the fact that they have seen what high school students go through and have learned from their siblings mistakes as well as achievements. Though the criteria for graduating high school and the individual courses are worthy more difficult each year, younger siblings seem to improve over their older brothers and sisters (Katz 11). The social life plays a king-size role in high school life.It is often difficult for a student to balance the many aspects of high school life and often they go overboard with either social or academic obligations (Childress 618). The friends that a teen keeps will play a major role in determining how the student will perform in school. Their friends will determine how much and what emblem of peer pressure the student is submitted to . There are two types of peer pressure. The first type, and most familiar is negative peer pressure. With this type of peer pressure, the teen will be pressured to crashicipate in many negative acts.This may include, but not be limited to, drugs, alcohol, skipping school, cheating and putting down other students (Kate 11). The second type of peer pressure is positive peer pressure. With this type of peer pressure the teen is influenced to do things such as strive for good grades and participate in other positive activities (Katz 12). Parties are a common part of the teen life today. Often, teenage parties will include negative influences, however it is not difficult for a student to avoid such situations if they safe have strong morals (Katz 11).A teens social life may also include a job. Working teens are becoming more and more common. The need to feel accepted by peers and have the right clothes and car are major influences in this. Teens may also elect to keep a job to help wi th family financial difficulties or just to keep them busy (Katz 12). Academic life is the most crucial part of the high school experience. How they perform in high school will dictate what kind of college they will attend. It is important for students to have a well-rounded social life while quench performing well in their academics.The last two years of high school are the most important. This is when the teen should be preparing to enter college and take things more seriously. However, this is usually opposite of what happens (Childress 617). If a teen can balance a healthy social life while still performing well academically, they usually will be able to do the same in college and life. Extra-curricular activities occupy much of a teens life. What they do to participate in other school-sponsored activities will take up a lot of their time.This can be solved by only selecting activities that will hit to their learning experience (Childress 616). The life a teen takes on after s chool each day is in truth important in understanding their life in general. They may participate in sports and clubs that will use up much of their time (Kruse 6). Football is a major sport that is taken very seriously in high school (Wahl 92). The competition in high school sports is enough to take some athletes minds off their schoolwork. tint schools games against each other often will tear the entire school away from academics the week prior to the game (Guss 10). Clubs are also a big part of teens life. Often they participate for fun and other times just for looks of it on college applications. However, if a student overloads on clubs and other after school activities, their academics may suffer. In its entirety, a teenagers life is very hectic. They have many stresses and pressures to deal with each day. It is in its own, a major accomplishment just to make it through high school and on to college.With the pressures being put on teens to succeed growing each day, each goal me t in school, is a victory in itself. The different aspects of the teens life all have an effect on the outcome of their performance in school. To some, high school is like a big game. Each move made is a crucial decision towards the outcome of life. When one focuses on only one part of the teens life, it is impossible to make any conclusion about their lifestyle. In the game of a teens life, maybe Maurice Freeman put it best when saying, Weve got to win. (Person 12)

Jc Penny Essay

This is non the first time that this alliance has been faced with adversity. The first time was in the 1960s when shopping went from trade district locations to more uptown locations in malls. The company transiti wizardd to mall locations to cope with the change. This time the change did non trace easy to the company. In fact this change has cost the company millions. This time JC Penneys was faced with a challenge that they valued to change. They wanted to transition the publics perception of them. They no longer wanted to be viewed as an old fashi superstard discussion section store. The company no longer wanted gross bargains or clearance racks.They wanted to change the whole retail climate. They called it fair and squ atomic number 18 pricing (Baskin, 2013). This came take a personal manner a lot want Wal-Marts always down in the mouth equipment casualtys hunt. This sounds like a great topic to me. However, it failed for many reasons. The main reason because it w as confusing to consumers. While the opposite main reason being scant(p) marketing. Many people sat in anticipation of this new campaign by JCPenneys. There were full as many supporters in the beginning as well. When I heard of this I archetype of an upscale Wal-Mart. Low tolls I do not have to shop for gross revenue anymore because these should be scurvy footings each day.However, very shortly after this I found myself not shopping in that location at all. Consumers want a think, and they do not feel that deal when they shop in that location anymore. It is the thrill of the describe for consumers. Not tho that that the gross revenue ad and clearance racks used to change. They atomic number 18 no longer changing prices so there is no need to go daily, weekly, or even monthly. Customers may stop over there as a way to show case, but they are not buying. Without the sales events and without the sale advertisements the company is not bringing in nearly the amount o f people that were coming into the store to chronicle the best deal.Next the advertisements they are sending out are worded poorly. They are no longer doing sales but they do mail out what they called month long value. Customers did not understand the wording of it. It was never broken down for them. Ideally they had sales, but they were not called the standard telephone. whence, customers missed out on them and they were not bringing in the clientele like a sale probably would have. They were not able to hale JC Penneys new tactic. Another problem with this campaign is that the average consumer does not know what the clothing costs. Therefore they think it should be or could be marked down.They have no idea if they were getting a good deal or not. Again the thrill of the hunt is gone, and still makes the customers confused. It was confusing to customers and that means there is a problem in marketing. When a place makes changes that could potentially be confusing marketing is th e key. However, there advertisements were so irreverent that they do even less sense to begin with. They came up with a campaign after their numbers dropped called do the math. It was supposed to show how much easier it is to just get a low price in the beginning rather than use a coupon. This action failed for the company.The CEO Ron Johnson came out and report later that it was confusing to some of their consumers (Baskin, 2013). Its no wonder that they lost customers. They did not target other competitors about their prices just what the company was trying to do. Last but not least they attempted to at large(p) little stores inside their stores. It was a Martha Stewart collection like IKEA. Even that failed because Martha Stewart was not able to put her make on it, because she was still in litigation over her brand. So, it was still branded as JC Penneys. Not that the name would have made much difference, but it was not thoroughly hought out within the company. Also, this is not a new tactic stores have been doing this for years. The renovation of the stores to add in this small store was costly. It has cost the company millions of dollars. It has depleted their cash, and has besides caused their credit rating to drop (Baskin, 2013). This was a costly decision to make when sales were already down. Here is the largest problem that they had they wanted become a high end store in a low end economy. If I were the CEO of JC Penney I would make quite a a couple of(prenominal) changes. My first change would have been to go back to traditional wording for now.These are the words that customers are the most familiar with. I understand that some companies like to do all their changes at at once because it is cheaper. However, when you are changing familiar terms it is wise to do it slowly. Or at least rationalize it as thoroughly as possible. Change is needed as a society, but no one likes change, because of this I feel that they should be done slowly and ove r a period of time. I would also have changed the price tags on their merchandise. In order to make someone feel like they are getting a deal I would change how they were priced.I would put a suggested retail price and then put our price on the label. This would appear to customers that they were getting a deal. Sales are because the prices are higher than what they need to be. The advertising is all about trickery to pull people in. In truthfulness they were still doing sales but they were not called sales, and people did not buy into it. By changing the price tags on the items the customers are still getting the thrill of the buy. They can see what their item is going for at their competitors location, and impulse buy. This helps eliminate showroom shopping.Or leaving to check their prices somewhere else. If it is a matter of a fewer dollars they will not go back to purchase. However, if they can see the deal they will buy. Instead of focusing on expanding a business inside of a n already expanding business I would have spent the funds elsewhere. Imagine if they could have established new rules for buyers. Gone back to JC Penneys original roots and prove their claims. It could have created new financing and lay-away policies that communicated value, and used social media to create meaning(prenominal) communities of consumers who wanted to track and participate in conversations about prices.Employees could have been recruited and trained to offer a fundamentally new customer experience based on integrity. They could have changed the way Americans shop and feel they should stop. I would not have wasted money on an advertisement that was bewildering. I would have spent money marketing on calling competitors out on their prices. Sharing the news on how Penneys was changing. How they were forwards looking. Instead of making confusing ads with no sales just to avoid the word sale I wouldnt have tried to stay away from it.Since they were still doing sales but n ot doing sales on certain items. Limiting the sales options were not the problem the problem was using unfamiliar wording. measuring rod some of these techniques could be hard to do. Going back to traditional wording would be one way that is hard to track. However, I believe it would go hand in hand with how you would track the new price tags. That would be sales. With these new changes and advertisements I would think that sales would increase. I would not look at the genuine accounting book but do a twelve month comparison on the sales on each individual store.This is time consuming and costly but I think it is the only way to see how each store is doing in comparison to how they were doing the previous month and year. During high sale times I would make sure I would have as much staff as possible on the floor to assist our customers. Maybe they do not need help but a casual conversation can lead into why they came into this department store and not the one across the way. Along with this I would like to institute team meetings once a week where department foremans meet with their front line employees on all shifts. To find out their ideas and where they are hearing concerns are. then I would have them write them up and do a teleconference with each store head to hear these ideas, questions, or concerns. I feel this is an open door policy. I would also include proposal boxes not only in the store, but in the break room for employees so they could bring these up anonymously if they felt the need to. Also, I would work on getting the contact information to employees for everyone in charge. Change can happen and many great ideas come from the front line, because they see and do it every day. However, their voices are not often heard.To measure the effectiveness of advertising I would do a few things. I would add a survey at the end of their receipt to figure out what they thought about the advertisement. I would also add a quick questionnaire in the store t hat the customer could contain out. I would also make it known that there is a number they can call at any time with questions. I would make it so that they could be heard with questions and concerns. Before I launched a campaign I would have a test market so that we could see what people could disclaim from the add, as well as find out if there was any confusion on what may have been advertised.The sales would play a large part also in whether it was an effective campaign. A company that has been operating for 100 years is struggling. JC Penney s was once a fashion icon to children, new adults, and teens. Beginning in 1913 it currently operates over 1000 stores. Growing up my sister and I waited to go through their catalogue. However, in the last few years something has changed. The company didnt look far plenteous ahead to the future to predict these changes. They tried to become a higher end boutique like store in an economy that could not support it.Poor marketing and too ma ny changes has made this one booming store one of the top ten stores that are predicted to be out of business in the next year. Works Cited Baskin, J. (2013, January 2). Lessons From JC Penneys Doomed Marketing Makeover. Retrieved May 12, 2013 , from Forbes http//www. forbes. com/sites/jonathansalembaskin/2013/01/02/lessons-from-j-c-penneys-doomed-marketing-makeover/ Tuttle, B. (2012, June 19). More Troubles for JCPenney Top executive director Departs Amid Sales Slump. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from Time Magazine http//business. time. com/2012/06/19/more-troubles-for-jcpenney-top-executive-departs-amid-sales-slump/

Public Pension Replacement Rates

A genial surety is a program funded through the taxation of individuals pay. The taxes are deposited into various trust funds depending on the contract. well-disposed security can not sustain all the promised benefits in future if it entirely relies on the new tax rates. This therefore implies that reforms are indispensible. This is due to the calamities that may follow the raising of taxes or a discern on benefits. Replacement income for prior earningsIncome replacement is a toast by the employer to continue paying an employees salary for a given period of time incase he becomes disabled or till the employee becomes eligible to reporting from the social security. The employee in this case is faced with the peril of the employer not honoring the pledge whereas in the agreement the employer is saved the expenses that cold be incurred through the purchase of insurance policies (FirstEnergy potbelly, 2010). The salary coverage goes on for a few months but the limit is six months. Causes of Variance-Between Us and Greece Replacement Income Greece operates various schemes that fetch a rate of 105% on its gross replacement and 115%on its net replacement. The schemes in summonss constitute of main and auxiliary social security programs. The disaccordent professions operate varying schemes and the biggest is the insurance Institute (IKA). Most of the schemes in operation in Greece are absent in the USA. Greece adapted the euro as a national currency in 2001 as its national currency.Due to this, Greece was at liberty to borrow funds at a lower interest rate. This money was similarly made available to its citizens and corporations, whom they borrowed at really low interest rates. The money obtained by the Greek government was use to repay debts and finance its budget. This white plague made it possible to have a high supply of money in the economy. The US and Greece differ in terms on how their political institution are run. This is in terms of electoral le vels and the government.In the US there is the issue of the majority rules while in Greece there is proportional representation. This therefore means that the passel involved in making decisions do vary both in number and power. This has an impact on how the income replacement is structured and the guidelines in operations. The structure, size and redistribution of US and Greece differ greatly. Role of Greeces Public bonus Replacement Rates on Its Debt Burden Currently Greece is being faced with a debt crisis (IMF, 2002).It is understood that real high amounts of debts were accumulated by the Greek government before the crisis struck of liquidity in the jacket crown market. In the recent past these capital markets have become more illiquid thus making Greece to be faced with the possibility of defaulting (FirstEnergy Corp, 2010)). In responding to this problem, the Greece prime minister has emphasized repeatedly on the importance of coherent term reforms on the structure of Gre ece economy. Among these reforms is the reform on the pension scheme.The pension scheme in operation in Greece is one of the most generous schemes in known in Europe. Evasion of contribution to the social security program is a rampant thing and the government has promised to take tremendous actions against the evaders. This will ascertain that the contribution rises thus providing the government with money at its disposal to pay some of the debts it owes. The government is also contemplating on the issue of increasing the retirement age of persons from the age of 61years to 63 years.Opposing some of the mode use to calculate the pension scheme in application of five years of worked by some accomplished service schemes, the calculations will entirely rely on a lifetime. This will in return deliver some cash to be used in offsetting debts owed by the government. A crack down on the social security programs and carrying out reforms will prevent misappropriation of funds by corrupt o fficials (IMF, 2002). References FirstEnergy Corp (2010). Declares Unchanged Common Stock Dividend. Mergers & Acquisitions Business pg. 271. IMF. (2002). Greece, selected issues. International Monetary Fund. 58

Business Model Canvas of United States Postal Service Essay

USPS caters the get out and computer software auction pitch work to a mass of different customers. It has different variety of work depending on what the customer wants. So customer segments are divided according to the type of services the USPS provides. 1. Individual citizens The USPS has the first class institutionalise and hackneyed mail that the citizens can use to use to spread personal cards, letters, bill payments, etc. Basically anything that is slight than 13 ounces can be sent with first class, and is delivered within 2 to 3 days in the contiguous states.First class mail is sealed and protected, while standard mailed is not (standard mail may withal receive deferred handling but it is more cost effective for customers). in addition package services are provided to send packages more than 70 lbs. 2. Businesses The USPS also caters to all the mailing call for of businesses. Banks use first class mail for delivery of debit or credit cards, and other confidenti al information as it is protected and handled properly. Also the standard mail, which is a cost-effective bulk mail class, is apply by businesses for mailing advertisements, product samples, etc. and is delivered within 9 to 10 days.Businesses even use package services for delivery of delivery of customer orders. a. These customers include business to consumer delivery (e-commerce) such as amazon and EBay. 3. Publishers The USPS has Periodicals, which is a mail class for authorized publishers to send magazines, youngspapers, journals, etc. 4. Other mail providers The USPS has partnered with FedEx and UPS for their last milliliter mail delivery. Since the cost of delivery in rural areas is high for both FedEx and UPS, they feed partnered with the USPS to deliver their mail and packages in areas where the cost for delivery would be higher for them the USPS delivers about 30.4% of the ground freightages of FedEx. Besides this, the USPS also offers services as Post Office Box, tra cking of the mail etc. It also provides insurance on items shipped to domestic or international areas, if they have a value of above 200 dollars. Value proffer The mission of the postal service is to provide the nation with reliable, affordable, universal mail service. By law, its basic social occasion is to bind the Nation together through the personal, educational, literary, and business correspondence of the people.It the Postal Service shall provide prompt, reliable, and efficient services to patrons in all areas and shall render postal services to all communities. Affordable Prices The price of sending a package or mail by USPS is much lower than its competitors. Ubiquitous presence The Postal go has large number of offices in the United States making it accessible to al more or less every customer of the USPS. They have 31,272 retail offices. Reliable service The Postal Service delivers to 151 million addresses six days a week, and collects vanquish mail and packages at the time of delivery.It provides mailing and shipping services through tens of thousands of postal and non-postal retail outlets as well as usps. com. The USPS provides many different services First-Class Mail, Standard Mail, Packages and Shipping, International Mail and Periodicals separately catering to different needs of their customers. Channels The USPS provides direct delivery to the customer. They have all US addresses and their delivery system is direct, from the sender to the receiver. They are spread out in the entire United States and have great amount of deliveries every week.The USPS operates over 30,000 Post Offices all over the United States where customers can come to send their packages and mail. Customers can also drop their mail in post boxes located at multiple locations in every town and city. Stamps and postage can be bought at numerous locations such as supermarkets, medicate stores and post offices. The USPS also operates a service where the postman can co me to pickup a shipment from your house free of charge. USPS also uses traditional advertisements and promotions to reach their customers on a daily basis. Figure 1 USPS services (source USPS Annual Report 2012)Customer Relationships USPSs customers demand reliable, fast and affordable service and they perform each customer segment in a different way. For individuals, customer service is mainly through sending and receiving letters and packages. For businesses the USPS offers various business solutions such as advertising campaigns, e-commerce solutions and special mass mail business prices. For other mail providers such as FedEx and UPS the USPS provides delivery of their packages both in rural areas and of low-toned packages. For all customers the USPS also offers customer service by phone, online and in Post Offices.The USPS has good brand recognition, most US citizens are aware of the USPS services and the postman that comes to every house every day. Therefore the customers j udge good service and the USPS uses customer outreach programs, both for individuals and businesses, to get feedback and information about how they can improve their services. match to the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) from June 2013, both FedEx and UPS score higher than the USPS in the Express/ antecedency Service Mail Sector. Overall the regular mail services of USPS are at a new ACSI high of 77 points.

Opinion on the Us Correctional Facility

Tantania Dixon Corrections 320 Final Paper If we ever require our economy to rec over and our citizens to prosper, we bring to overhaul our punitory schema immediately. The correctional system has three main goals punish, protect the population and rehabilitate the offender. However, it is unclear how closely the modern U. S. correctional system achieves these goals and whether the m wholenessy invested in the correctional system might be better spent. Perhaps the most obvious goals of the correctional system atomic number 18 to punish those who are found guilty of law-breakings.In theory, this is supposed to serve as prevention against ace repeating criminal activities and as an example to opposites of why criminal activities should be avoided. Incarceration is the most greenness example of penalisation in the correctional system, but the death penalty and lesser penalties such as probation are also designed to be punitive. However, the correctional system acts as organi sm too permissive on those who set crimes. Theyre let into the prison/jail and are just free to live, something as far as harsh punishment needs to be put in action, or their humor of jail being a free ride is going to remain the same.If there isnt both other punishment being put into force, besides the fact that their sentenced to time in prison, the offender is basic totallyy getting over on the system. A basic day in the life of a captive is eat, sleep, working out, visits, community service, and communication with other inmates, and thats not teaching them what they did was wrong at all. They need to be put in classes, as if soulfulness gets a speeding charge they have to go to driving classes, not only if because they pull a crime, Tantania Dixon ut to understand what crime they have committed and why NOT to do it again, and the value of what burn happen if its get ine again. In appurtenance to punishing a criminal, the correctional system is supposed to protect the rest of the federation from criminals. This includes the policing of streets as well as the imprisonment of criminals in jails. By keeping criminals in prison, they are not among the public and are not in a position in which they could harm the public at large with superfluous criminal acts. The protection of inmates also needs to be stricter than what it previously and still is. at that place are prisoners that get physically, mentally, and emotionally ab employ in prison, and even though it probably isnt visible it happens, whether its man on man inmates vice-versa for women inmates, but not only inmates, sometimes a correctional officer can commit these crimes as well. That can make an inmate retaliate on themselves, because they can feel like their hiding of themselves and their surroundings has been taken a right smart. If this is done so, the inmate doesnt have anyone to speak with regarding that their treated like they dont have feelings and concerns because they are inma tes.However, at the end of the day inmates are still human beings, and correctional officers need to take notice of that. The correctional system is also supposed to rehabilitate inmates. Rehabilitation, if done well, allow make the criminal functional in normal society afterward release. This may include vocational training, counseling and drug rehabilitation treatment. Rehabilitation is intended to shift the criminal from being a embody to society to being a contributing member of society. Some believe that if we want to rehabilitate criminals we moldiness do more than than just send them to prison.For Tantania Dixon instance, we could give them a chance to obtain job skills, which pull up stakes improve the chances that inmates will become productive citizens upon release. The programs must aim to change those who want to change. Those who are taught to baffle useful goods and to be productive are likely to develop the self-esteem essential to a normal, integrated personal ity. This kind of program would provide skills and habits and replace the sense of hopelessness that many inmates have. Another technique used to rehabilitate criminals is counseling.There are two types of counseling in general, individual and group counseling. Individual counseling is oft more costly than group counseling. The aim of group counseling is to develop positive peer atmospheric pressure that will influence its members. One idea in much sociology text is that group problem-solving has definite advantages over individual problem-solving. The idea is that a wider variety of solutions can be derived by drawing from the experience of several(prenominal) wad with different backgrounds. Also one individuals problem might have already been solved by another group member and can be suggested.Often if a peer proposes a solution it carries more weight than if the counselor were to suggest it. (NYS Dept. of punitory Services. 2000) Incarceration of criminals is expensive. It o ften costs more that $40 per day to keep a criminal in a prison. Similarly, the criminal prosecution shape is expensive. In addition to paying the salaries of pretends and district attorneys, the state must pay for criminal falsifying attorneys for criminals that do not have the financial means to hire an attorney on their own. This can intimately cost thousands of dollars for a felony prosecution.Being that its so costly to keep an inmate in prison, the US Correctional System must ensure that the prisoners behind bars, arent Tantania Dixon innocent, and has actually committed the crime. The costs of just one inmate is very high, therefore the system needs to make sure that they are giving rightness to the right criminals, and also if the crime is such as a minimum charge (i. e. drugs, vandalizing, stealing) they should have other justifications for that, so the state wont have to be issuing extra money for people with no so harsh crimes. The chart below, basically gives you an ideal of the estimated prices for inmates.Capital punishment, also dubbed the death penalty, is the pre-meditated and planned winning of a human life by a government in response to a crime committed by that legally convicted person. It violates the right to life It is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment. There can never be any justification for torture or for cruel treatment. (Death Tantania Dixon Penalty Information Center). There are some defendants who have earned the ultimate punishment our society has to offer by committing eat up with aggravating circumstances present.I believe life is sacred. It cheapens the life of an innocent murder victim to say that society has no right to keep the murderer from ever killing again. In my view, society has not only the right, but the duty to act in self defense to protect the innocent. As of October 2009, capital punishment in the US is officially sanctioned by 34 states, as well as by the federal government. Each sta te with legalized capital punishment has different laws regarding its methods, age limits and crimes which qualify.Although Capital Punishment is the way of getting people to understand killing or other crimes isnt right, wouldnt that be contradicting itself? If someone kills, then they should be killed for committing that crime? That law isnt immortaliseing leadership whatsoever, thats showing that killing is the way, and that it is right. However, The Death penalty does in some way help the prisons from overcrowding, although if a criminal gets sentenced to life without countersign or to the death penalty, the sentencing needs to be 100% accurate.Due to the facts in some states there have been delusive accusations and thats absolutely not acceptable to an innocent human being. Here is an example, how being a incorrectly accused criminal can ruin your life Brooklyn school custodianFrancis Evelyn once walked proud, worked hard and looked transport to a peaceful retirement. Now h es too scared to go out his front door. Five months after his face was broadcast worldwide as an accused child rapist, Evelyn, 58, cant sleep. He cant stop the tears. He cant rub away the nightmare of being arrested, jailed and wrongly accused.Berated by cops, taunted by Rikers Island inmates and branded in his infixed Trinidad, the dignified, law-abiding immigrant has filed a $10 million claim against the city (New York) for ruining his life by accept a troubled child with a history of lying. Evelyn was Tantania Dixon paraded before television cameras and spent two long time at Rikers before prosecutors, in a nearly unprecedented move, rushed to a night judge to drop the charges. I had two more years to retire, he said. After you work all that time, all that sacrifice, it comes to this?I want to get over this he said. I dont want those charges just to be sealed. I want it to be washed away I want an apology. Come on. Clear my name (New York occasional News Newspaper, Septemb er. 2007) Although Mr. Evelyns charge was dropped, he still has to face life of once being called a child molester, he shouldnt have to live with that accusation to his name, its cruel and very un-justice. In conclusion, the US Correctional System has a lot of cleaning up to do, its name needs to be clean, and show America how to be a good leader.We as Americans dont want our children to be able to look at cops as being crocked, and not being able to see them as being truthful. The correctional system does have good goals as for getting the criminals off the streets, protecting the community, being able to let people k directly that they are safe. The prisons in America take the criminals and give them justice, show them that they are wrong and shouldnt be free to live their lives, because when they were given the chance to they screwed up and now have to pay the time, for committing the crime.

Great Religions and Philosophies.: Greek Philosophy Essay

In the 6th century B. C, there began a dualism in Greek Philosophy. The development of Greek Philosophy became a compromise between Greek monistic and eastern influences, in other(a) words, a combination of intellectualism and mysticism. Thus began the pre-Socratic philosophy. The interests of pre- Socratic philosophers were centered on the world that surrounds man, the Cosmos. This was during the clock clipping of great internal and external disturbances in the Greek society, as it was right after the Peloponnesian war.The pre-Socratic geological era of Greek Philosophy came to an fire when the Sophists turned their attention to man himself, delving into the moral and mental nature of man and dealing with the practical problems of life. The ancient Greeks mirrored their nature, beliefs, morals and customs in Greek Philosophy. Through concord Greek Philosophy, we can bump how the ancient Greeks regard the world around them. Greek Philosophy make full the void in the spiritu al and moral life of the ancient Greeks, where in the same place other cultures had their belief in a religion.Wisdom, in the Greek sense, included not only a metaphysical explanation of the world around them, exclusively as well provided a practical guide to life. From Homer to Hesiod, we see the reflections of the ancient Greeks and their use of Gods to fulfill their spiritual, social and psychological needs. A lot of temples were erected for Greek deities, and the ancient Greeks idolise Gods to avert calamities, to secure the success of a certain harvest, or as thanksgiving for success in battle or deliverance in wants and wishes.Homeric songs tells stories of how man realizes that all events are governed by subjective laws. In the Homeric world, fantastic beliefs and superstitions governed one important aspect of the ancient Greeks immutable fate. Homeric poems reflect the occasional doubts of the ancient Greeks in prophecy, and the observation about the shortness of life, and the suffering of earthly existence. The great epic poem writer Hesiods philosophy of life rests on the idea of the deterioration of mankind.Hesiods perspective runs along the idea thataccording to the will of Zeus, the human world is governed by justice and the animal world is governed by might. Hesiod reflects a society then that were seeking the truth and searching for the morality guidelines. And the human conduct of the ancients Greeks of the time were very much intertwined with the behavior of Nature, for prototype, if they were morally good, they would be blessed and rewarded with bountiful harvests. However, on the other end of the continuum, when a sin has been committed, such as the unconscious incest of Oedipus, all Nature is affected by the horror of man.During the period of the Dorian migration, the ancient Greeks were extending their territorial possessions to a greater extent. This brought about a lot of contrasting morals and customs changes due to social and political changes. All this is reflected in the poetry, philosophies and writings of that era. Passion and liveliness was more eminent now, and the attitude of the ancient Greeks towards nature was no longer observational and descriptive but emotional. The ancient Greeks are becoming more conscious of individualism and ones own forcefulness and significance.The increase in property and material goods in the Greek society intensified the deep timbre in the ancient Greeks that earthly things are transient and a lot of them started to look at a more superterrestial support that would assure them security and permanence amidst all the changes in mortal things. The ancient Greeks were also more possessed by an innate immense religious fear, the fear of sinning or indifference against any gods. A lot of them felt the necessity for atonement and purification.During this time came the advent of cleansing rituals, an example being the purification of Athens by Epimenides after the defil ement of the city by Cylon. Epimenides and many connatural holy people of his time would go into trances that would provide him with divine revelations. Epimenides was considered very close to the gods, due to a mode of life made holy by asceticism. Prophets and priests the likes of Bacides and Sibyls reflect the need of the ancient Greeks for atonement. These prophets and priests were called upon to suffice purification rites and prophetic trances.Spirit conjuring became a common practice, too. With Socrates and Socratic philosophy, the sophists and many philosophers moved past from the ? physics of Nature and concentrated on mans correct conduct of life. Great philosophers like Plato and Aristotle were the important influences that would shape Western thought and culture. They sought to unravel the intellectual limitations of man and the need to comment answers to ethical questions. Side by side with this, spawned the Hellenistic Philosophy, which served to explain the change in world conditions at that time when the Greek Polis was destroyed.Inspite of all the Greek philosophers that sought for intellectual wisdom, the fantastic figments and gods of the ancient Greeks still conk out and prevail. However, the Greek philosophers made a great effort to obtain a dichotomy between myth and logic. The efforts of these philosophers would prove to be of great influence in modern Western tradition and rationalism. Bibliography. Cornford, F. M. , From Religion to Philosophy. forward-looking York Harper, 1957. Guthrie, W. K. C. , A History of Greek Philosophy. 5 vols. New York Cambridge, 1990.

The Gaia Hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The germanium conjecture - Es vocalise ExampleFounded and formulated in the 1960s by Dr James Lovelock while on a NASA project to detect each sign of life on the pla can Mars, the Gaia opening has created strong pro and anti lobbies.The pro-gaian discipline is euphoric in the belief that optimising gaian principles could lead to enhancing surroundal conditions to such an extremity that they argon optimal for life. Alex Kleidon, p3. The anti-gaian detractors, on the other hand, are dismissive on the premise that the whole hypothesis is at best, an entertaining story. Their argument is weakened due to their inability or unwillingness to prove their menstruation through research.In his treatise, The Gaia Hypothesis Fact, Theory and Wishful Thinking, James W Kirchner states, Biologically mediated feedbacks are not intrinsically homeostatic. Many of the biological mechanisms that affect global climate are destabilizing, and it is likely that the net effect of biological feedbacks wi ll be to amplify, not dampen, global warming. Kirchner J W, p1The natural tendency of the small and macro organisms to manage any threat to the homogeneity of a region in relation to its environment is limited to its ability to survive and adept to its surrounding. Could it be of improvement or transformation as rise up Seen logically, it is not possible to conclusively determine the capability of the biological science to rise to the occasion of performing an raise role of preparing to interact with a greater force when required to do so in a hostile environment. Within a limited time span, in a changing environ, is it possible for teleological mechanisms hidden somewhere in nature to perform an offensive, defensive, or catalytic role on behalf of the biota Discoveries in microbiology, bio-ecology, and biota inspire awe and reverence. But these are not sufficient to draw conclusions on theories that require scientific testing and approvals. Perhaps the logic lies in the argume nt that it is one thing to say that we benefit from the environmental services that our ecosystem provides, and entirely another to say that our environment is in any moxie tailored to our needs. Kirchen J W, p8Other variables The forms of life in a given environment is best accommodate to recycle its own form due to several other factors, viz. climatic conditions peculiar to the region, its actions and reactions to the vagaries of nature, and interpreted to extremes, it does appear capable to rebound with much greater vigour. However, it is inconceivable by any stretch of imagination, that the biota and its environment hold secret codes to ensure a perennial survival or a radical transformation mutually beneficial to each other in the face of annihilating circumstances. There isnt any evidence to show that organisms have the inherent capability to spay the environment for their own benefit. Can organisms alter the environmentThe temptation to draw such a conclusion is inevitabl e given the fact that the Gaia hypothesis has used terminologies

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The low temperature War and U.S. Diplomacy - Essay ExampleCuban Missile Crisis was the most precarious event which took stick in the history of cold war, where U.S discovered that USSR had placed anti-ballistic missiles in the vicinity of the U.S territory. This pushed chairperson Kennedy to take put to death in order to reverse the effect, and Kennedy acted very cautiously and via his diplomatic skills he was able to convince Khrushchev to hoist back the missiles. Another such instance was the conclusion of Nuclear Test Ban Treaty mingled with U.S and USSR, where Khrushchev first agreed over to the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, while later began testing atomic weapons, as a result of which U.S tested five such weapons to retreat the situation. Analyzing the Kennedy Doctrine in this scene makes perfect sense, as it implies that U.S will take all necessary steps to confine the effect of communism, i.e. enlargement of the policy of containment (Thompson 1992). Though he was an adv ocate of diplomacy, whenever required he took all crucial steps to contain the communism threat and to secure his homeland and also his allies. In his inaugural address of 1961, prexy Kennedy say Let us never talk terms out of fear. And let us never fear to negotiate. ... However on October 14, the U2 plane took pictures of these ballistic missiles placed in Cuba by the USSR, which definitely called for an action (Kempe 2011). Now, hot seat Kennedy had a few selections on the table out of which some were quite aggressive, while others were neutral in nature. After considering various options, Kennedy considered the option of naval blockade which was indeed a very diplomatic inspire as he named it quarantine to make it sound legal. Also, chances of aggression on the part of USSR were also hold in and at the same time USSR was pressurized to roll back the weapons. It was quite wise on the part of President Kennedy to use the option of quarantine i.e. to block the way where missi les were being transferred however, the diplomatic skills were tested after the option was utilized, i.e. while he was negotiating with Khrushchev (Cull 1998). He communicated his concerns to Khrushchev via his brother Lyndon Johnson after which a deal was reached when Khrushchev put forth his concerns more or less the missiles in bomb, and thus USSR rolled backed the weapons while a secret deal was reached via the backdoor implying the rollback of weapons from Turkey as well. Also, the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was also an attempt on the part of President Kennedy to follow his policy of containment i.e. to contain the Russian threat of nuclear war. Firstly, USSR and even UK signed the treaty which was a huge triumph for the diplomatic skills of Kennedy as he pursued his goal through peaceful representation (Maga 1994). However, another challenge arose when USSR started preparing for another nuclear weapon test when they had already given their word on the Nuclear Test Ban. Preside nt

Purchasing Power Parity and the Big Mac Index Essay

Purchasing violence Parity and the Big macintosh Index - judge ExampleOn the early(a) hand, a US Dollar has more purchasing power than a Pakistani or Indian Rupee. These differences argon usually because of availability and demand for the goods amongst other factors. By winning an international measure and determining the cost for that measure in each of the 2 currencies and comparing them we tramp solve this problem. (McGuigan, cc8)This formula represents the exchange step of one currency in relative terms to another(prenominal) currency. P1 is the price of an item in one currency while P2 is the price of the same item in another currency (Investopedia, 2008).Although according to this theory, the relative prices for a same product should be equal in two different locations. However we rarely see this happen. This theory doesnt even hold true in areas inside a city. For example in a high end posh area of a city might sell the same product at a much higher rate than the shop set up in a low end area.This brings us to the most popular example of purchasing power parity, the Big Max Index. Calculated by the Economist Magazine, the Big Mac index is used to find the exchange rate to determine the value of other items. Since McDonalds is virtually in every country, this index is readily applicable. All we need is the price of Big Mac in the two countries we need to find the exchange rate of. For example a Big Mac in US costs around $4 while a Big Mac in India costs Rupees 200 thus the index pull up stakes be $1 equivalent to Rs. 50. This index is used further to doctor an idea of the actual exchange rate in the market and to determine the relative value of other items. (McGuigan, 2008)The main use of the index is to find the GDP and hence the standard of living of the people in a certain location. When we are determining the Gross Domestic Product of a country, a angle of dip in the value of the currency relative to another base currency, will make the GDP free lessen by the same value. Taking the same example of the Indian Rupee and the US Dollar, a fall in the Rupee by 50%, will force the GDP expressed in US dollars to drop to 50%. This piece of information does not reflect true picture of the situation since the devaluation of the Indian currency maybe due to the international trade issues. However when we look at each days exchange rates of the Dollar to the Rupee, we see fluctuations coming each day. But when we use the Big Mac index, these fluctuations are not reflected into the price of Big Mac each day. The price of the Big Mac remains to be Rs. 200 for quite a while even though the value of Dollar is increasing. Purchasing Power Parity - AnalysisWhen we talk about the long-run, the purchasing power parity theory tells us that differences in the prices of the items in different countries are not sustainable as forces acting in the market home plate will equalize prices between countries and change exchange rates in doin g so. Consider an example of a person who finds that the price of tomatoes is $5 lesser in another state. Traveling to the other state will cost the person $50 in fuel, thus just to save $5, this trip will become a loss to the person. But when you consider bulk purchase this scenario comes out to be completely

Mirrors by Lucy Grealy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mirrors by Lucy Grealy - Essay ExampleWhile she was 9 years, Grealy suffered jaw cancer therefore forcing a part of her right wing side jaw to be removed. She underwent 30 surgeries as a way of reconstructing her guinea pig and so in her story mirror, she talks about the perceptions and obsessions people have of beauty which demonstrates how the society at large is. She had the legal opinion that if the surgeries would eventually fully reconstruct her face, she could be happy as she would be a normal person just like the rest of the world. In an article written by Michelle Wittle inside the mind of a writer she talks about Grealys article. Wittle talks positively about the manner in which Grealys article is talking about the challenges people go though in their day to day manner as a result of their self image. She puts emphasis on the way people line the tolerates they live in terms of what they see in the mirror. Wittle is proud of the way Grealy at last is able to face her w orst fears and looks in the mirror seeing positive things. I am a big victim of this theory (Wittle, 2010). Wittle can relate to Grealys story as she herself has let other people define her according to her looks or how she should live her life just because they say so. She therefore does not condemn Grealy because of the fears she confront with her self image. She compares herself to Grealy by saying that she herself has learnt of how to soul-search herself and live her life instead of living the way others want to homogeneous Grealy, I am learning to look at myself on the inside (Wittle 2010).

Sources of Stress and Anxiety in Adolescent Students Study Assignment

Sources of Stress and Anxiety in Adolescent Students Study - identification ExampleStress is the response or the reaction that a body shows when faced with disturbances that whitethorn be external or internal in nature and is actually a process by which unity meets the challenges and threats in our daily lives (Myers, 2005). In an adolescent, if strain enhances the learning abilities it is known as good stress (Eustress), besides if it inhibits or suppresses the capabilities and inherent potentialities of the adolescent, then it is bad stress (Distress) and must be avoided. An adolescent may face stress owing to parental pressure to excel in their studies, poor time oversight while organizing studies, while planning for their future which may often be hampered by parental interference, and in addition often due to impending school report cards and the parental reaction thereafter. This article volition examine these causal factors for adolescent stress related to studies, and will explore its outward manifestations in unlike ways, like psychological, physiological and social dysfunction in adolescents, and interventions to lessen stress. Children are constantly being subjected to stress and conflict in their external environment from family school and work, and nature and in their internal environment from their feelings of anger, anxiety, gloominess and loneliness (Arnold, 52). Stress may manifest itself in various ways, which may in effect score our bodies to function differently as a reaction to the stressful situation. Khalid in his research papers on adolescent students has shown that over one-third (35.5%) of adolescents assimilate had stress (Khalid, 33-37) while Bawens and Jack in their papers have concluded that adolescent stress comes mostly from school and are related to disproportionate amounts of assignments amounting to huge workload, sponsor class examinations, biased behavior of the school teachers and the indignity of lagging behind the school peers in class studies.

Windowsshopping at Zara Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Windowsshopping at Zara - Case Study ExampleZara is building on a vertically incorporate demand and supply chain, while most other textile chains rely on outsourcing and tuppeny labour. Zara controls most of the steps on the supply-chain it goals, produces, and distributes itself. (Rose 2001).Zara needs just two weeks to develop a new overlap get it to stores, comp bed with a nine-month industry average, and launches more or less 10,000 new designs each year. If a new design is non sold within a week, it is withdrawn from the shop and a new design is pursued. None of the designs remain on the shop for more than four weeks which encourages the shops fans to make repeat visits. The business model for the company is ground on offering the latest style in a high quality product at a good price. With a creative team of more than 200 professionals, Zaras design process is close to the public. Zara pays special attention to the design of it stores, its shop windows and interior dco r, and locates them in the best sites of major shopping districtsZaras firstborn outlet in Spain, the store was selling well designed clothes in a forward-looking environment at a price anybody could afford. The in-store displays were kept minimal and the showroom was light and airy, with clean lines and light walls that act as a blank rousevas for ad campaigns. Zaras window aimed at realizeing the potential customers who willing become the ultimate purchaser of the product. To induce them, the displays were made realistic in an expensive method to attract the onlookers. The consumers are made to repeat visits to look at the products displayed before they buy them, as few customers are impulsive buyers. As the customers have wide range of choice products with variable prices they prefer to go around the store to decide the purchase depending upon their budget.Window display and strategic positioning refers to performing different activities than the rivals or the same activiti es in a different way. While the display model used by Zara itself is often very easy to replicate, technology is essential to creating and enabling novel approaches to business that are defensibly different than rivals and which can be quite difficult for others to copy. Zara stores offer a compelling blend of fashion, quality and price offered in attractive stores in prime locations on premier commercial streets and in upscale shopping centers. The in-house design and production capabilities enable them to offer fresh designs at Zara stores twice a week throughout the year. In the early 1990s, Zara began formulating new type of design and distribution model. By that time it had opened up stores in countries like Europe and U.S.A. (Kotler 2008)Life like models dressed up in various costumes designed by leading fashion designers were kept in the window display. Zaras most unusual dodge was its policy of slide fastener advertising the company preferred to invest a percentage of rev enues in opening new stores instead. The strategy has changed lately with yearly sales advertisements, together with targeted advertisements in papers. The latest technologies with innovations were used to lure the customer in the showrooms. (Barthes 1972).Figure 14This picture shows the window display of the showroom in Oxford Street, London. It was taken in October 2009. The window display contains models wearing trendy clothes created by the leading fashion d